ATI Science- Muscle/Skeletal System Flashcards
Type of muscle tissue arranged disorderly as it is not striated
smooth muscle
3 types of muscle tissue
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Properties of muscle tissue
excitability, contraction; elongate
property of an electric gradient which can reverse when stimulated
excitability
property where muscle tissue has the ability to shorten
contraction
property where muscle tissue has the ability to relax
elongate
VOLUNTARY, striated muscle that work in pairs to move various parts of the skeleton
skeletal muscle
INVOLUNTARY, non striated muscle that is found in walls of internal organs like stomach/blood vessles
smooth muscle
INVOLUNTARY, striated muscle found only in the heart
cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscles consist of muscle fibers. Each fiber contains a bundle of _______ composed of contractile units called _______
myofibrils; sacromeres
Myofibrils contain two protein ________ ; one is ______ other is ______
myafilament; thick; thin
thick filament composed of protein
myosin
thin filament composed of protein
actin
Striations in muscle caused by____
overlapping of thick and thin filament s
How does sarcomere shorten? (skeletal muscle attraction)
When actin (thin) slides over mysoin (thick)
electrical signal aka
action potential
When an action potential reaches a muscle fiber, what is released?
Calcium ions
What provides energy necessary for contraction?
ATP released from glucose
What allows myosin and actin to bind in the sliding filament?
Calcium ions
How many bones in the human body?
206 bones
bones that makeup central core of body (skull (cranial and facial bones), back and ribcage
axial skeleton (80 bones)
bones that makeup upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle and pelvis
appendicular skeleton (126 bones)
part of the body where two or more bones meet to allow movement
joints
Produces red and white blood cells
red bone marrow
Bone marrow that stores fat
yellow bone marrow
minerals stored by skeletal system
calcium and phosphorus
Body functions of skeletal system
movement, minerals storage, support, protection , blood cell formation
Disease classified as deterioration in bone regeneration
osteoporosis
most common, freely movable joint (found at shoulder and knees)
synovial joints
fill spaces between some bones and restrict movement (between vertebrae)
cartilaginous joints
fixed or immovable joints as they do not allow any movement between the bones
fibrous joints
connective bone tissue that forms outer layer of long bones; dense and solid; provides strength and protection
compact bone aka cortical bone
connective bone tissue that forms the inner layer of flat and irregular bones, has a porous structure, and contributes to shock absorption and reducing weight
spongy bone aka cancellous
type of bone embedded in tendons
sesamoid bone
