ATI Science- Nervous System Flashcards
nerve cells that send messages all over your body to allow you to do everything
neurons
transmits signals to the CNS from receptors associated with touch, pain, temp, hearing etc
sensory neurons
transmits signals FROM the CNS to rest of body such as signaling muscles or glands to respond
motor neurons
transmits signals between neurons
interneurons
Parts of a neuron
cell body, axon, dendrites
receives impulses from sensory receptors and transmits them toward cell body
dendrites
transmits impulses away from cell body
axon
Where does axon terminate?
Synapse
Gaps within axon known as
Nodes of Ranvier
cells that create the myelin sheath around neuron axons, which allows for faster and more efficient communication between neurons
oligodendrocytes
connect neurons and help transmit information from one neuron to the next
synapse
ends of axons which transmit messages to other cells via use of neurotransmitters at synapses
axon terminals
Autonomic Nervous system made up of
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Flight or flight; stress
sympathetic
Rest and digest; peace
parasympathatetic
nervous system that controls voluntary movements
somatic nervous system
nervous system that controls involuntary activities
autonomic nervous system which is part of PNS
Central Nervous System composed of
Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous system composed of
Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
brings signals from sensory organs/msucles to CNS
(sensory) afferent nerves
brings signals from CNS to sensory organs/muscles (muscles/gland)
(motor) efferent nerves
Brain is part of ____ & consists of
hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain
Hindbrain consists of; also makes up brain stem
medulla oblongata, cerebellum and pons
forebrain consists of
cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus
lobe responsible for short term & working memory; decision making, planning, judgement
frontal lobe
lobe responsible for receiving and processing sensory input such as touch, pressure, heat, cold, and pain.
parietal lobe
lobe responsible for visual input, processing and output
occipital lobe
lobe responsible for all auditory input, processing and output
temporal lobe
part of brain responsible for muscle control/balance &movement, language processing and implicit memory.
cerebellum
part of brain where info from body to brain (and vise vera) pass through ; important in respiratory, digestive and circulatory functions
brain stem
part of brain serves as a a relay system, transmitting information necessary for vision and hearing
midbrain
Sympathetic and parasympthetic nerves are part of which nervous system
ANS which is part of PNS
nervous system that maintains homeostasis, controls involuntary functions
Autonomic nervous system
maintains body’s body’s homeostasis, regulating body temp, <3 rate, appetite, blood pH, etc
hypothalamus
nervous system that increases heart rate, secretes adrenaline, slows digestion
Sympathetic nervous system
nervous system that decreases heart rate, signals stop of adrenaline secretion, returns digestion to normal
parasympathetic nervous system
nervous system that controls senes and voluntary movement/skeletal movement
somatic nervous system
Which part of the brain interprets sensory information?
Cerebrum largest part of brain
What structure separates cerebrum into L and R hemispheres?
corpus callosum
part of brain responsible vital processes like for blood flow, heartbeat, breathing, BP
medulla oblongata
Where are neurotransmitters held?
Synaptic vesicles
