ATI Science- Chemistry Flashcards
Atomic mass formula
total number protons + neutrons in the nucleus
atomic number is the same as
of protons
If an atoms has an equal # of protons and electrons,
it is a neutral atom (electrically neutral)
When an atom has more protons than electrons, its a
cation (positively charged)
when an atom has more electrons than protons, its an
anion (negatively charged)
all matter consists of
atoms
atoms bond together to make
molecules
If an atom has an unequal # of protons and electrons, it is an
ion
various form of an element w/ different # of neutrons , thus resulting in different masses of the elements
isotopes
how can isotopes be written?
(element- mass number) or (element w/ atomic mass at top and atomic # on bottom)
electrons located on outermost shell
valence electrons
What determines bonding behavior?
valence electrons (valence shell can either be filled or emptied)
How many shells surround the nucleus?
4
The farther away from the nucleus an electron is , means
the more energy the electron has
When atoms gain, lose, or share an electron in the valence shell,
chemical bonds form
What is created when an atom gains electrons
anion/negative ion
What is created when an atom loses electrons
cation/ positive ion
Most atoms (especially those shown on periodic table) ….
are neutral atoms
when atoms of the same element bond together, it forms
a molecule / crystalline solid
when 2 or more atoms bond together, it forms a
compound
bond formed between two oppositely charged ions
ionic bonding
atoms that share electrons have what type of bond
covalent bonds
when atoms share electrons equally, what type of bond?
non polar covalent bond
when atoms share electrons unequally, what type of bond?
polar covalent
