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TEAS Practice > ATI Science- DNA & RNA > Flashcards

ATI Science- DNA & RNA Flashcards

1
Q

the 4 nitrogenous bases of DNA

A

Cytosine-Guanine , Adenine-Thymine

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2
Q

bases of RNA

A

Cytosine-Guanine, Adenine-Uracil

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3
Q

A gene must match a _____ for traits to develop correctly

A

protein

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4
Q

DNA consists of _________

A

nucleotides

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5
Q

Nucleotides consist of _______ & ______

A

5 carbon sugar and a phosphate group

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6
Q

____ has code for a single amino acid

A

codon

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7
Q

groups of 3 nucleotides on the mRNA

A

codon

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8
Q

The steps in DNA replication are controlled by

A

enzymes

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9
Q

Enzyme that starts DNA replication by breaking hydrogen bonds between bases

A

helicase

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10
Q

where splitting of DNA starts is called

A

origin of replication

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11
Q

portion of DNA that is unwound to be replicated

A

replication fork

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12
Q

process where DNA is copied into RNA (by RNA Polymerase)

A

transcription

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13
Q

process where ribosomes use transcribed RNA to produce proteins

A

translation

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14
Q

RNA molecule present in ribosomes

A

rRNA (ribosomal)

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15
Q

RNA molecule involved in protein synthesis ; carries a specific amino acid ; found in cytoplasm

A

tRNA (transfer)

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16
Q

Adenosine is _______ to Thymine. Cytosine is _________ to Guanine

A

double hydrogen bonded; triple hydrogen bonded

17
Q

DNA is ___ strands and forms what structure ________?

A

double stranded; double helix

18
Q

carries copy strand of DNA & transports it from nucleus to cytoplasm

A

mRNA (messenger RNA)

19
Q

Histones are proteins associated with

A

DNA

20
Q

Which of the following are used to determine a person’s DNA sequence

A

genes

21
Q

To separate genomic DNA fragments by size, which of these laboratory methods is
most useful?

A

Electrophoresis

22
Q

Purines (2 rings)

A

adenine and guanine

23
Q

Pyrimidines (1 ring)

A

cytosine and thymine

24
Q

In most cells, primary carrier of genetic information

A

DNA

25
Q

serves as a messenger that transmits genetic information from DNA to cytoplasm of cell

A

RNA

26
Q

How do DNA and RNA function together as part of the human genome?

A

RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the cell cytoplasm

27
Q

Which of the following best describes one of the roles of RNA?

A

Sending messages about the correct sequence of proteins in DNA

TEAS Practice (23 decks)

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