Atheroma

Question 1

Define atherosclerosis

Answer 1

Progressive narrowing and hardening within an artery, potentially resulting in complete blockage

Question 2

How is Atheroma buildup initiated?

Answer 2

Injury such as hyperlipidaemia, disturbed flow, smoking or hypertension

Question 3

Risks from Atheroma in coronary artery?

Answer 3

MI
Angina
IHD

Question 4

Risks from Atheroma in the aorta?

Answer 4

Aneurysm

Question 5

Risks from Atheroma in carotid artery?

Answer 5

Stroke

Question 6

Risks from Atheroma in peripheral artery?

Answer 6

Peripheral vascular disease

Question 7

Name 3 other presentations of atherosclerosis

Answer 7

Bowel ischaemia
Renal artery stenosis
Emboli

Question 8

How is Atheroma/atherosclerosis treated?

Answer 8

Revascularization and secondary prevention

Question 9

What is the cause of IHD?

Answer 9

Imbalance between perfusion and demand of the heart for oxygenated blood

Question 10

What causes the decreased flow of oxygenated blood?

Answer 10

Atheroma
Embolism
Spasm

Question 11

What causes increased demand for oxygen in IHD?

Answer 11

Thyrotoxicosis

Myocardial hypertrophy

Question 12

What are the fixed risk factors of IHD?

Answer 12

Age
Family history
Male sex
Genetic factors

Question 13

What are the reversible risk factors of IHD?

Answer 13

Hyperlipidaemia 
Smoking
Hypertension
Diabetes
Lack of exercise
Obesity
High alcohol intake

Question 14

Name 5 presentations of IHD

Answer 14

Stable angina
Unstable angina
 NSTEMI
STEMI
Sudden death

Question 15

What are the signs of IHD?

Answer 15

Chest pain, SOB, syncope, palpitations

Question 16

Define Atheroma

Answer 16

Buildup of fatty material on inside wall of artery