ASU Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy Flashcards
A feeling, or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state of or interaction that is important to them.
Emotion
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
This form of emotions is present in humans and other animals, emerging early in life.
Primary Emotions
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
This form of emotions requires self-awareness, especially consciousness and a sense of “me”.
Self-conscious Emotions
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
A form of crying with a rhythmic pattern, usually consisting of briefer silences, shorter inspiratory whistles higher pitched than the main cry, and brief rests before the next cry.
Basic Cry
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
A form of crying with more excess air forced through the vocal cords.
Anger Cry
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
A form of crying wherein its sudden, long and initially loud - followed by breath holding.
Pain Cry
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
A type of smile that does not occur in response to external stimuli.
Reflexive Smile
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
A type of smile that is in response to an external stimulus.
Social Smile
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
A form of anxiety involving a fear and wariness of strangers, appearing during the second half of the first year of life.
Stranger Anxiety
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
Distressed crying when the caregiver leaves.
Separation Protest
Individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.
Temperament
TEMPERAMENT:
CHESS AND THOMAS: These children are generally in a positive mood, quickly establishing regular routines during infancy and adapting easily to new experiences.
Easy Child
TEMPERAMENT:
CHESS AND THOMAS: These children react negatively and cry frequently, engaging in irregular daily routines and are often slow to accept change.
Difficult Child
TEMPERAMENT:
CHESS AND THOMAS: These children have a low-activity level and are somewhat negative, displaying a low intensity of mood.
Slow-to-Warm-Up Child
TEMPERAMENT:
A shy, subdued and timid child is attributed to _____’s Behavioral Inhibition.
Kagan’s Behavioral Inhibition
TEMPERAMENT:
- Extraversion/surgency
- Negative Affectivity
- Effortful Control
— are all a part of ______ and ______’ classification.
Rothbart and Bates’ Classification
EMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT:
A view that states that temperament is a biologically based but evolving aspect of behavior.
Contemporary View
EMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT:
Wherein it’s a match between a child’s temperament and the environmental demands the child must cope with.
Goodness of Fit
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT:
According to Erikson, the first year is characterized by _____ vs _____.
Trust vs Mistrust
SOCIAL ORIENTATION/UNDERSTANDING:
Reading emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in a particular situation.
Social Referencing
A close emotional bond between two people.
Attachment
ATTACHMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT:
According to ____, infants become attached to the person that provides oral satisfaction.
Freud
ATTACHMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT:
According to ____, infants prefer contact comfort over food.
Harlow
ATTACHMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT:
According to _____, an infant’s trust arises from physical comfort and sensitive care.
Erikson
ATTACHMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT:
BOWLBY’S 4 PHASES OF ATTACHMENT: This phase occurs from birth to 2 months, wherein infants direct their attachment to human figures.
Phase 1
ATTACHMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT:
BOWLBY’S 4 PHASES OF ATTACHMENT: This phase occurs from 2 to 7 months, wherein attachment becomes focused on the primary caregiver.
Phase 2
ATTACHMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT:
BOWLBY’S 4 PHASES OF ATTACHMENT: This phase occurs from 7 to 27 months, wherein specific attachments develop. Increased locomotion allows babies to actively seek contact with regular caregivers.
Phase 3
ATTACHMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT:
BOWLBY’S 4 PHASES OF ATTACHMENT: This phase occurs from 24 months on, wherein children become aware of others’ feelings and account for them in their own actions.
Phase 4
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ATTACHMENT:
Observational measure of infant attachment that requires an infant to move through a series of introductions, separations, and reunions with a caregiver and an adult stranger in a prescribed order.
Strange Situation
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ATTACHMENT:
These babies use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment.
Securely Attached Babies
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ATTACHMENT:
These babies show insecurity by avoiding the caregiver.
Insecure Avoidant
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ATTACHMENT:
These babies cling to the caregiver, then resist the caregiver by fighting against the closeness.
Insecure Resistant Babies
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ATTACHMENT:
These babies show insecurity by being disorganized and disoriented.
Insecure Disorganized Babies
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ATTACHMENT:
A model that involves connections across domains over time that influence developmental pathways and outcomes.
Developmental Cascade Model
DEVELOPMENTAL SOCIAL NEUROSCIENCE AND ATTACHMENT:
Which 3 regions of the brain play important roles in maternal attachment behavior?
- Prefrontal Cortex
- Amygdala Subcortical Regions
- Hypothalamus
FAMILY:
A bidirectional form of socialization wherein children socialize parents, just as parents socialize children.
Reciprocal Socialization
FAMILY:
Parents time interactions so that infants experience turn taking with the parents.
Scaffolding
FAMILY:
TRUE or FALSE: Both paternal and maternal interactions center on child-care activities.
FALSE, Maternal interactions are child-care centered, whilst Paternal interactions tend to be play-centered.
