Assignment 1

Question 1

For what reason does evolutionary psychology argue women are more selective than men when choosing mates?

Answer 1

Women have to invest more time and energy in producing offspring

Question 2

What evidence has been found for gender differences in achievement motivation producing differences in math performance?

Answer 2

There’s no evidence that girls or boys are more likely to give up following academic failures

Question 3

Which of the following is the most characteristic of a person who is gender fluid?

Answer 3

Shifting among female, male, and third gender identities

Question 4

Janet was born with AIS, she presents as a female and has a female gender identity, but was born with an XY (male) chromosomal pattern. As discussed in “The Physiology of Sex Differences”, what sort of behavioural task is Janet likely to perform poorly at?

Answer 4

Task requiring mental rotation

Question 5

All of the following at ages 3-4 predicted math achievement at age 10 better than a child’s gender EXCEPT

Answer 5

number of friends

Question 6

A researcher is administering a test on which traits are considered “masculine” and which are considered “feminine” to an individual in a collectivist culture (ex: Japan). What kind of traits is that person likely to ascribe to men in general from that culture?

Answer 6

traits that are consistent with collectivistic cultures’ core value of communal qualities (ex: social sensitivity and connectedness to others)

Question 7

As discussed in “The Physiology of Sex Differences” testosterone affects brain areas involved with what type of non-reproductive behaviour?

Answer 7

-Higher cognitive functions
-Play behaviours
-Aggressive behaviours
Answer: all of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is represented by the Cohen’s d statistic?

Answer 8

the difference between two groups in standardized units

Question 9

As discussed in “The Physiology of Sex Differences” which of the following is NOT an anatomical sex differences between female and male brains?

Answer 9

Female brains are more lateralized

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the case story of David Reimer, an XY chromosomal boy raised as a girl?

Answer 10

Reimer’s story indicates that gender identity cannot be entirely shaped by socialization

Question 11

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of hormones in sex differentiation?

Answer 11

In XX chromosomal females, the ovaries produce hormones prenatally, which determine the child’s sex.

Question 12

Experimental methods in sex and gender research can be especially challenging because ______.

Answer 12

sex and gender identity cannot be easily or ethically manipulated

Question 13

As discussed by Deborah Saucier and Crystal Ehresman (2010) in “The Physiology of Sex Differences”, when during male fetal development are the female reproductive organs repressed by to the release of testosterone?

Answer 13

3-4 months

Question 14

What best describes the relative contributions of biology and environment to cognitive ability according to the biopsychosocial model discussed in your textbook?

Answer 14

Biology and environment interact to cause changes in one another, mutually shaping each other to produce changes in cognitive abilities.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true of sex differences in brain size?

Answer 15

Women’s left hemispheres are slightly larger when body size is taken into account.

Question 16

The status incongruity hypothesis argues that gender role violating women (e.g., those suceeding in the business word) are viewed negatively because they ______.

Answer 16

do not have the low social status that women are expected to have

Question 17

As discussed by Deborah Saucier and Crystal Ehresman (2010) in “The Physiology of Sex Differences”, which of the following is true of female reproductive organs

Answer 17

they are determined by the presence of the FOXL 2 and FIG X proteins

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE according to the Multifactorial Theory of Gender Identity discussed in your textbook?

Answer 18

The variety of roles, traits, and attitudes that shape one’s gender identity are independent / uncorrelated.

Question 19

Studies examining heritability estimates for gender identity (i.e., twin studies that look at how likely that it is to be due to genetics) suggest that ______.

Answer 19

the heritability of gender identity is similar to the heritability of major personality traits

Question 20

Gender stereotypes are inaccurate for which of the following traits/behaviors?

Answer 20

talkativeness