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Orthodontics > Assesment > Flashcards

Assesment Flashcards

1
Q

What are Andrews 6 keys to normal occlusion?

A 
correct molar relationship
correct crown angulation
correct crown inclincation
no spacing
no rotations
flat occlusal place
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2
Q

How should the skeletal pattern be assessed?

A

3-D pattern

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3
Q

What are the 3 components to assessing skeletal pattern?

A

Anterior-posterior
Vertical
Transverse

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4
Q

What is another name for anterior posterior?

A

skeletal class

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5
Q

What is skeletal class 1?

A

where point B on mandible lies 2-3mm posterior to the maxilla point A

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6
Q

What is skeletal class 2?

A

where the point B on mandible likes more than 3mm posterior to the maxilla point A

Retrognathic mandible
Prognathic maxilla
Both

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7
Q

What is skeletal class 3?

A

where point A lies posterior to point B

Retrognathic maxilla alone 25%
Prognathic mandible alone 25%
Combination 50%

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8
Q

What is point A?

A

the deepest concavity on the maxilla

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9
Q

where is point B?

A

the deepest concavity on the mandible

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10
Q

What is the main limitation to using skeletal class?

A

It does not provide information about where the discrepancy in skeletal class lies, it just gives the relationship between the two. The only way to assess this is using a lateral ceph

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11
Q

How can we assess the vertical relationships?

A

by using the FMPA
or
splitting th face into sections

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12
Q

Which sections can the face be split into when assessing vertical relationships?

A

thirds
or
from eybrow to base of nose and base of nose to lower point on chin

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13
Q

What is the average value for FMPA?

A

28 +/- 5

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14
Q

If the frankfort and mandibular planes intersect before the occiput what does this mean?

A

the lower facial height is increased

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15
Q

if the frankfort and mandibular planes intersect beyond the occiput what does this mean?

A

the lower facial height is decreased

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16
Q

How can the transverse facial relationship be assessed?

A

facial asymmtry

17
Q

How should you assess the transverse skeletal relationship?

A

by looking at the patient from above and face on

18
Q

What must be recoded about the lips?

A 
the tonicity
competence
height of lower lip
length of upper lip
smile aesthetics
19
Q

What is the average length of the upper lip?

A

20-22mm

20
Q

What are features of the aesthetic smile?

A

Whole height of upper incisors are seen with only the interproximal gingiva
upper incisors do not touch the lower lip
upper incisors run parallel to lower lip
width of smile displays up until the premolrs

21
Q

What does a short lower lip indicate?

A

poor stability

22
Q

What two features about the tongue should be recorded?

A

presence of an endogenous tongue thrust or adaptive

23
Q

What is an endogenous tongue thrust? what is the significance of this?

A

patient pushes the tongue to the lower incisors upon swallowing, this tends not to cease following treatment and thus leads to relapse

24
Q

Which I/O features need to be considered?

A 
teeth present
crowding (labial segment and buccal segment)
incisor and molar relaionship
overjet
overbite
complete/incomplete overbite
centreline descrepancy
crossbite
displacement
25
Q

What is mild crowdin?

A

1-4mm

26
Q

What is moderate crowding?

A

5-8mm

27
Q

What is severe crowding?

A

8+mm

28
Q

Which medical conditions may affect orthodontic treatment?

A
  1. Rheumatic fever : risk of IE
  2. Epilepsy: risk of damage during an attack
  3. RAU: condition is exacerbated by trauma to mucosa
  4. Hay fever: atopic children may experience problems with functional during summer
  5. Bisphosphanates: problem with xla
29
Q

How must u assess skeletal pattern?

A

Frankfort plane is parallel to the floor and teeth together in Maximum intercuspation

30
Q

How must you assess the AP relationship?

A

Patient viewed from the side

31
Q

How must the transverse relationship be assessed?

A

Looking at the pageant face on and from above

32
Q

What does the term low lip line?

A

This refers to the relationship of the lower lip to the upper incisors
A high lower lip line means the lower lip covers more than 1/3 of the upper incisors

33
Q

What are the two types of tongue thrusts?

A

Adaptive

Endogenous

34
Q

Which type of tongue thrust is more common?

A

Adaptive

35
Q

What is the purpose of an adaptive tongue thrust in most cases?

A

To achieve an anterior oral seal

36
Q

What are the features of an increased lower facial height?

A

FMPA greater then 32

Reduced overbite or possibly AOB

37
Q

What are the features of a decreased LFH?

A

FMPA less than 22

Increased overbite

Orthodontics (28 decks)

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