Articulations and their Movements--SYNOVIAL JOINTS--TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS--notes

Question 1

What are all the different types of Synovial Joints?

Answer 1

Plane/Gliding Joint-
 Hinge Joint
Pivot Joint
Saddle Joint
Ball & Socket
Ellipsoid/Condyloid

Question 2

What is a Plane/Gliding Joint?

Answer 2

Two flat articulating bone surfaces

Question 3

How does a Plane/Gliding Joint move?

Answer 3

►Nonaxial Movement: Small slipping or gliding movements only

Question 4

Where/what parts of the body has Plane/Gliding Joints?

Answer 4

1) Intercarpal joints (between wrist bones)
2) Sternoclavicular joint (between sternum and clavicle)
3) Intervertebral joints (between articular processes of vertebrae)
4) Sacroiliac joint (between sacrum and iliac bones)

Question 5

What is a Hinge Joint?

Answer 5

Rounded process of one bone fits into concave surface

of other bone

Question 6

How does a Hinge Joint move?

Answer 6

►Uniaxial Movement: Movement in one plane (axis)

Question 7

Where/what parts of the body has Hinge Joints?

Answer 7

1) Knee joint
2) Elbow joint (between humerus and ulna)
3) Interphalangeal joints (between finger & toe bones)

Question 8

What is a Pivot Joint?

Answer 8

One bone has round process held by a ring of ligament to the second bone, allowing first bone to rotate

Question 9

How does the Pivot Joint move?

Answer 9

►Uniaxial Movement: Rotation back & forth in one plane (axis)

Question 10

Where/what parts of the body has Pivot Joints?

Answer 10

1) Atlanoaxial joint (2nd neck joint; between atlas & axis, first two cervical
vertebrae)
2) Elbow joint (between head of radius and ulna–allows for rotation of
forearm)

Question 11

What is a Saddle Joint?

Answer 11

One bone surface is concave while the other is convex

Question 12

How does a Saddle Joint move?

Answer 12

►Biaxial Movement: Movement in two planes—Front to back and side to side

Question 13

Where/what parts of the body has Saddle Joints?

Answer 13

**Thumb joint (1st carpometacarpal joint)

Question 14

What is a Ball & Socket joint?

Answer 14

-Round bone process fits into indentation of second bone

Question 15

How does a Ball & Socket Joint move?

Answer 15

►Triaxial/ Multiaxial Movement: Movement in three planes, one of
which is rotation

Question 16

Where/what parts of the body has Ball and Socket Joints?

Answer 16

**Shoulder and hip joints

Question 17

What is a Ellipsoid/Condyloid?

Answer 17

-Modified ball and socket where “ball” is oval rather

rather than round

Question 18

How does Ellipsoid/Condyloid move?

Answer 18

►Biaxial Movement: Movement in two planes

Question 19

Where/what parts of the body has Ellipsoid/Condyloid?

Answer 19

1) Atlanto-occipital joint (1
st neck joint; between occipital 
condyles and atlas)
 2) Knuckles (between metacarpals and phalanges) 
 3) Between radius and carpals at wrist
4) Jaw Joint --- Mandibular Condyle