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api 653 chapter 8 > API 653 API 577 > Flashcards

API 653 API 577 Flashcards

1
Q

P number

A

group comparable base metal characteristic such as composition, weldability and mechanical properties (reduce # of procedure qualification)

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2
Q

F numbers

A

electrodes/welding rods group by usability characteristics

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3
Q

F numbers

A

electrodes/welding rods group by usability characteristics (reduce number of welding procedure and performance qualifications)

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4
Q

A number

A

steel and steel alloy filler metals are grouped

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5
Q

A number

A

based on chemical composition of weld metal (minimize # of welding procedure qualifications)

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6
Q

How to minimize burn through?

A

first weld pass to equipment or piping less than 1/4” thick should be made with 3/32” or smaller diameter welding electrode

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7
Q

low h2 electrodes are ending

A

ending 5,6,8

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8
Q

What is a nonconformancs?

A

defects

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9
Q

What action to be taken for non conformance depends on?

A

depends on the nature of the nonconformance and its impact on the properties

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10
Q

tasks that a welding inspector should perform?

A

task prior to welding, during welding and upon completion of welding

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11
Q

VI min lightening?

A

100 foot candles / 1000 lux

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12
Q

welder who qualify with one filler metal can?

A

well all filler metal having same F number and MAYBE lower F numbers with backing limitiation

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13
Q

SMAW electrode identification

A

EXXXX (XX - strength, x position - x coating )

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14
Q

GMAW/GTAW electrode identification

A

ERXXS (S stand for solid wire), (XX Strength)

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15
Q

(min/max) welding on in-service piping the flow rate should be

A

min is 1.3 ft/s , max is based on process temperature

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16
Q

SMAW

A

shielded metal arc welding, creates an arc between a covered consumable electrode and the weld pool. WITH FLUX

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17
Q

GMAW arc ?

A

Gas metal arc welding, produces an arc between a continuously fed filler metal electrode and weld pool.
GLOBAL Transfer

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18
Q

SMAW is what process

A

manual with flux

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19
Q

Which has a low tolerance for contaminants for filler/base metals

A

GTAW

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20
Q

SMAW deposition rates

A

lower than for other processes such as GMAW

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21
Q

advantages of SMAW (5)

A
  1. equipment is relatively simple, not expensive and portable
  2. used in areas of limited access
  3. process is less sensitive to wind and draft
  4. most suitable for commonly used metals and alloys
  5. level of training and experience is lower than others.
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22
Q

welding consumables becomes slightly damp?

A

can dry in a separate special oven

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23
Q

calibration for UT with what temp?

A

with 25F of the part to be examined

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24
Q

What is an autogenous weld?

A

fusion weld made without filler metal

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25
Define HAZ
portion of base metal whose mechanical properties have been altered by the heat of welding, brazing, soldering, thermal cutting
26
Definite peening
Mechanical working of metals using impact blows.
27
Which is most widely use arc?
SMAW
28
How is shielding obtain in SMAW?
Shielding is provided by the decomposition of the electrode coating,
29
electrode covering? (5)
1. prevent excessive atm condition 2. prevent excessive grain growth 3. influence operability 4. enhance mechanical properties 5. increase deposition efficiency
30
SMAW limitations? (2)
1. deposition rates are lower | 2. slag must be removed from every deposited weld pass
31
GTAW
gas tungsten arc welding, arc created between non consumable electrode and weld pool
32
type of current and polarity used for GTAW?
DCEN
33
Advantages of GTAW? (5)
1. produces high purity welds 2. requires little postweld cleaning 3. allow for excellent control of root pass 4. used with or without filler metals 5. produces a relatively defect and contaminant free root passes
34
Limitations of GTAW (4)
1. low deposition rates 2. low tolerance for contaminants even than SMAW 3. difficulty in shielding the weld zone properly 4. greater operator skill
35
GMAW how is shielding accomplish?
shielding gas
36
GmAW-S stand for?
short circuiting mode,
37
GMAW-s high potential of causing?
lack of sidewall fusion
38
advantages of GMAW
1. only consumable electrode process that used most common metal/alloys 2. depositing rate high than SMAW and GTAW 3. minimal post weld cleaning is required
39
Limitation of GMAW?
1. welding equipment is more complex, costly, and less portable 2. welding arc must be protected by air drafts 3. GMAW-S is more susceptible lack of fusion
40
FCAW?
flux contained arc welding, continuously fed tubular electrode
41
advantages of FCAW (5)
1. metallurgical benefits derived from the alloying element in the flux 2. slag that supports and shapes the weld bead (allows for a lower cooling rates) 3. high deposition that SMAW and GTAW 4. shielding produced at the surface of the weld that makes it more tolerant of stronger air currents than GMAW
42
limitation of FCAW? (5)
1. more complex, costly, less portable than SMAW 2. self shielding generate large volume of welding fumes 3. slag must be removed between weld passes 4. backing material is required for root pass welding 5. shelf shield is typically not recommend for pressure contain welds
43
SAW
Submerged arc welding, arc between a flux covered bare metal electrode and weld pool
44
SAW shielded by
blanket of granular flux covering the arc and molten metal
45
Advantage of SAW? (2)
1. provides high metal deposition rates | 2. produce repeatable high quality welds for large weldments
46
limitation of SAW? (4)
1. power supply cable of providing high amp at 100% duty cycle 2. weld is not visible during the welding process 3. equipment costly, extensive 4. process is limited to shop application and flat positions
47
why should lower h2 electrode be stored away from electrode with higher h2 content?
to prevent absorption of h2 from the high h2 electrodes
48
If electrodes are wet , what to do?
discard them
49
why is moisture a concern with low h2 electrodes
1. covered electrodes to become unstable | 2. moisture can be source of hydrogen
50
what is susceptible to moisture pickup?
1. low h2 electrodes | 2. SS electrodes
51
For welders, a minimum of ______length of the first production weld must be examined for performance qualification, while a minimum of _____length must be examined for welding operators.
6 in. (150 mm) / 36" (3ft)
52
What is addressed on the WPQ ( welder performance qualification)
essential variables
53
GTAW welding process is qualified, any other processed welder is qualified for
NO OTHER just GTAW
54
who must supervise and control the welding of the WPQ coupon
employer of the welder
55
WPS/PQR/WPQ format
not fixed provided it addresses (everything)
56
best results for MT?
when the lines of flux are perpendicular to the discontinuity.
57
MT overlap requirement?
at least 2"
58
When to use WFMT
for added sensitivity
59
ACFM technique?
alternative current field measurement, non contacting technique used for complex geometries.
60
ACFM(3)
1. minimal surface preparation 2. elevate temp up to 900F 3. less sensitive and more prone to errors than WFMT
61
ET eddy current?(3)
1. subsurface discontinuities 2. surface imperfections 3. measure thickness of coating / cladding thickness
62
What exposure technique should be used when possible?
single wall exposure
63
double wall viewing is limited to what size? (ellipse type) and # of exposure?
<3.5" , min 2 at 90 degree
64
shear wave in UT is used for ?
detecting discontinuities in welds
65
how often UT instrument be calibrated?
Prior to use and after used
66
UT overlap?
previous pass by 10% of the dimension of the transducer
67
Pressure test should be held for?
30 mins or long enough for a thorough inspection to be completed
68
why shielding gas is protected by argon / nitrogen?
minimize the formation of oxides that could effect the corrosion resistance of the weld
69
high electrical conductivity = high thermal conductivity
means more heat input to melt (poor conductor of heat = less heat)
70
welds are ____dense than wrought steel
less dense
71
concerns when welding in piping?
burn through / cracking
72
Ut examine what is temp variable allowed?
25F
73
welder performance qualification expires?
not used during any 6 month period
74
welding is most similar to
a casting
75
what is toughness?
ability of a metal to absorb energy and deform plastically
76
LP can detect ?
surface imperfections
77
MT can detect
surface and near subsurface
78
UT can detect
surface and subsurface
79
ET
surface and some subsurface
80
impact test test for?
toughness
81
why AWS classification are assigned to electrodes ?
means to identify filler metals for welding procedures
82
Most used NDE for inspection of welds?
VI
83
how to do MT?
yolk place perpendicular to the weld
84
grain size can be kept small if (2)
1. max rate of cooling | 2. slow heat input
85
foreign weld metals is called
inclusions
86
if defect found during welding , what to do?
correct before welding further
87
CUI prevention is best achieved
by coating/insulation barriers
88
penetrating a thin component with the welding arc while hot tap is called
burn through
89
crack
fracture type discontinuity characterized by a sharp tip and high ratio of length to width
90
defect that can caused y residual magnetic field?
arc blow - Deflection of an arc from its normal path due to by magnetic forces.
91
AWS classification purpose
provide a means to identify filler metals for the welding process

api 653 chapter 8 (36 decks)

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