AP05 - elbow, wrist, and hand (REFER TO L8 FOR MUSCLES OF FOREARM)

Question 1

What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?

Answer 1

lateral - brachioradialis muscle
medial - pronator teres
superior - hypothetical line between epicondyles of the humerus

Question 2

How is the cubital fossa used clinically?

Answer 2

inserting needles into superficial vessels

Question 3

What are the 3 joints of the distal radius?

Answer 3

distal radioulnar joint (DRU)
radioscaphoid joint
radiolunate joint

Question 4

What are the carpal bones?

Answer 4

Scaphoid
Lunate
triquetrum
pisiform
trapezium
trapezoid
capitate

Question 5

What is a die punch fracture?

Answer 5

dorsal fracture of the lunate fossa

Question 6

What do he capitulum and trochlea articulate with?

Answer 6

capitulum - radial head

trochlea - trochlear notch

Question 7

Which muscles perform supination?

Answer 7

supinator

biceps brachii

Question 8

Which muscles perform pronation?

Answer 8

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

Question 9

Which ligament is involved in nursemaid’s elbow?

Answer 9

annular ligament

Question 10

What is the difference between the thenar and hypothenar eminence?

Answer 10

thenar - muscles on palm base of thumb

hypothenar - “” pinky

Question 11

What is the ulnar border of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 11

tendon of extensor pollicis longus

Question 12

What is the radial border of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 12

tendon of extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus

Question 13

What is the proximal border of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 13

the radial styloid process

Question 14

Other than the radius itself, what is within the annular ligament?

Answer 14

synovial membrane, forming the sacciform recess

Question 15

What major structure does not pass through the cubital fossae?

Answer 15

ulnar nerve, which passes posterior to the medial epicondyle

Question 16

Which major structure does not pass through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 16

The radial artery, which passes dorsally round the wrist

Question 17

What is significant about the structure of flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 17

it has two heads;
humero-ulnar head
radial head (big head)

Question 18

going from radial to ulnar aspects of the extensor tendons in the wrist, which tendons are present?

Answer 18

abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum (w/ extensor indicis)
extensor digit minimi
extensor ulnaris

Question 19

Which tendon passes through the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 19

flexor carpi radialis

Question 20

Which tendon passes anterior to the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 20

palmaris longus

Question 21

Which nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 21

median nerve

Question 22

What is Kienbock’s disease?

Answer 22

avascular necrosis of the lunate

Question 23

What is De Quervain’s syndrome?

Answer 23

inflammatory disorder of the first extensor compartment (radial border of anatomical snuffbox)

Question 24

The tendons of which 3 muscles run through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 24

flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus

Question 25

What are the three muscle groups to the hand?

Answer 25

lumbricals
palmar interossei
dorsal interossei

Question 26

Name 3 hypothenar muscles

Answer 26

opponens digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi
flexor minimi brevis

Question 27

Name 3 thenar muscles

Answer 27

opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis

Question 28

Why are right handed people better at tightening a screw than left handed people?

Answer 28

they use the stronger supinator, rather than the pronator teres