AP05 - elbow, wrist, and hand (REFER TO L8 FOR MUSCLES OF FOREARM) Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?
lateral - brachioradialis muscle
medial - pronator teres
superior - hypothetical line between epicondyles of the humerus
How is the cubital fossa used clinically?
inserting needles into superficial vessels
What are the 3 joints of the distal radius?
distal radioulnar joint (DRU)
radioscaphoid joint
radiolunate joint
What are the carpal bones?
Scaphoid Lunate triquetrum pisiform trapezium trapezoid capitate
What is a die punch fracture?
dorsal fracture of the lunate fossa
What do he capitulum and trochlea articulate with?
capitulum - radial head
trochlea - trochlear notch
Which muscles perform supination?
supinator
biceps brachii
Which muscles perform pronation?
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
Which ligament is involved in nursemaid’s elbow?
annular ligament
What is the difference between the thenar and hypothenar eminence?
thenar - muscles on palm base of thumb
hypothenar - “” pinky
What is the ulnar border of the anatomical snuffbox?
tendon of extensor pollicis longus
What is the radial border of the anatomical snuffbox?
tendon of extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus
What is the proximal border of the anatomical snuffbox?
the radial styloid process
Other than the radius itself, what is within the annular ligament?
synovial membrane, forming the sacciform recess
What major structure does not pass through the cubital fossae?
ulnar nerve, which passes posterior to the medial epicondyle
Which major structure does not pass through the carpal tunnel?
The radial artery, which passes dorsally round the wrist
What is significant about the structure of flexor digitorum superficialis?
it has two heads;
humero-ulnar head
radial head (big head)
going from radial to ulnar aspects of the extensor tendons in the wrist, which tendons are present?
abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis extensor digitorum (w/ extensor indicis) extensor digit minimi extensor ulnaris
Which tendon passes through the flexor retinaculum?
flexor carpi radialis
Which tendon passes anterior to the flexor retinaculum?
palmaris longus
Which nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?
median nerve
What is Kienbock’s disease?
avascular necrosis of the lunate
What is De Quervain’s syndrome?
inflammatory disorder of the first extensor compartment (radial border of anatomical snuffbox)
The tendons of which 3 muscles run through the carpal tunnel?
flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus
What are the three muscle groups to the hand?
lumbricals
palmar interossei
dorsal interossei
Name 3 hypothenar muscles
opponens digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi
flexor minimi brevis
Name 3 thenar muscles
opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
Why are right handed people better at tightening a screw than left handed people?
they use the stronger supinator, rather than the pronator teres
