17 Lower Limb Trauma Flashcards
What are the two arcuate ligaments around the pubic symphysis?
superior pubic ligament
inferior pubic ligament
Name 3 secondary ligaments connecting the pelvis and the spine, what is their function?
iliolumbar
sacrospinous
sacrotuberous
limit saggital tilt of the spine
What is the difference in function between secondary and primary ligaments of the pelvis?
primary - hold pelvis together
secondary - hold spine to pelvis
What 3 ligaments stabilise the sacroiliac joint?
anterior sacroiliac ligament
anterosseous sacroiliac ligament
posterior sacroiliac ligament
With pelvis fractures, what is the priority?
controlling bleeding
With regards to pelvis fractures, what is APC?
antero-posterior compression
What will APC damage primarily, and then which joint will open like a book?
pubic symphysis, through abduction pressure
iliosacral joint
In APC what might be pulled off?
L5 transverse process
Give 3 categories of hip fractures
intracapsular
trochanteric
subtrochanteric
What position would a leg with a hip fracture present?
shortened and externally rotated
What are the two axis of the femur?
What is the significance of this?
anatomical and mechanical axis
damage to the fulcrum will cause the femur to rotate laterally
What bony landmarks might indicate hip fracture?
shenton’s lines
lesser trochanter more prominent in external rotation
What causes shortening of the leg in hip dislocation?
pull of muscles crossing the hip
iliacus
psoas major
gluteus minimus and medius
What 4 arterial structures are significant for hip fractures?
lateral circumflex femoral artery
medial circumflex femoral artery
profunda femoris
retinacular vessels
What is a haemarthroplasty? when might it be used?
ball and socket replacement
for young patients with OA
