16 Lower Limb Vasculature Flashcards
where does the thoracic aorta start and end?
sternal angle of Louis
Vertebral T12 (aortic hiatus in diaphragm)
What perforates the diaphragm at
T8
T10
T12?
T8 - vena cava
T10 - oesophagus
T12 - thoracic aorta
Where is the angle of Louis?
manubriosternal joint, start of left and right bronchi
Where does the abdominal aorta start and end?
T12
L3/4 intevertebral disc
What are the 2 phases of the abdominal aorta?
suprarenal
infrarenal
Where do the renal arteries branch off the abdominal aorta?
What is different about their paths?
L1-L2
The right renal artery goes behind the IVC
Where does the suprarenal aorta start?
branching of the superior mesenteric artery
What marks the boundary between the external iliac artery and the common femoral artery?
lower border of the inguinal ligament
Inferior to the knee, what does the popliteal artery branch into?
anterior tibial artery
tibia-peroneal trunk into peroneal and posterior tibial arteries
Where does the common iliac artery become the external iliac artery?
What else does it contribute to, and where does it go?
L5-S1
Internal iliac artery, which goes into the superior sciatic foramen
Where does the femoral artery end?
apex of the femoral triangle, but entering the adductor canal
What muscle does the adductor canal perforate?
What does the femoral artery become in the adductor canal?
adductor magnus
popliteal artery
Where is the femoral pulse palpated?
mid-inguinal line
Where does the popliteal artery end?
adductor hiatus
What does the popliteal artery do in the popliteal fossa?
branches to give geniculate branches to supply the knee joint
What does the popliteal artery bifurcate into at the adductor hiatus?
anterior tibial artery
posterior tibial artery
Where would the anterior tibial pulse be palpated?
above navicular
medial to tendon of extensor hallucis longus
Where does the posterior tibial artery pass in relation to the medial malleolus?
posteriorly
What happens to the posterior tibial artery below the ankle?
branches into
medial and lateral plantar arteries
Where would the posterior tibial artery be palpated?
near the medial malleolus
What are the 4 classes of veins?
superficial
deep
perforating
accompanying
What is the main large vein running up the medial aspect of the leg and thigh?
Where will it have the most valves?
great saphenous
lower leg than thigh
What is the difference between vaso vasorum and venae commitante?
vasorum - accompany veins
commitante - accompany arteries
What lies behind Psoas Major?
the lumbar plexus
What 4 nerves emerge lateral to the psoas?
femoral
iliohypogastric
ilioinguinal
lateral cutaneous (thigh)
Which 2 nerves emerge medial to the psoas?
obturator
lumbosacral
What are the roots of the lumbosacral trunk?
upper 4th and 5th lumbar ventral ramii
What does the sciatic nerve bifurcate into superior to the posterior knee?
common peroneal nerve
tibial nerve
What does the common peroneal nerve branch into?
deep and superficial peroneal nerves
What abnormality is associated with the sciatic nerve?
piriformis syndrome, sciatic nerve can pass through the piriformis muscle rather than inferior to it, causing sciatica
What are the 4 layers to generic blood vessels?
endothelium
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa
Which artery slips under the aortic arch?
transverse pulmonary artery
Where does the aorta formally end?
Bifurcation into left and right common iliac arteries
Which spinal nerves contribute to the lumbar plexus?
L1-L4
Which spinal nerves contribute to the Sacral plexus?
L4-S4
What structure does the sciatic nerve emerge from the pelvis through?
What accompanies it?
Greater Sciatic Foramin
inferior gluteal artery
inferior gluteal nerve
