AP World Unit 1 - Developments in East Asia from 1200-1450 Flashcards
Who had the most power during 1200-1450?
China
What is confucianism?
a philosophy that taught human nature is hierarchical by nature
What philosophy did the Song Dynasty carry over from the previous dynasty, the Tang dynasty?
Confucianism
What is filial piety?
The practice of honoring one’s ancestors and parents
What is Neo-confucianism?
new implementation of the old philosophy (confucianism), now influenced by Buddhist and Daoist ideas
When did confucianism die and when was it revived?
It died during the Han dynasty and came back during the Tang and Song dynasties
Why did everyone in China follow their leaders?
Neo-confucianism
How were womens rights in China during 1200-1450?
Women had very few rights, they were at the bottom of the hierarchical society
What is an imperial bureaucracy?
a government entity that carries out the emperors will
How was an imperial bureaucracy used in China?
To spread the emperor’s power because he is only one man so government’s all throughout China implemented his rules for him
How did men in China get jobs in the bureaucracy?
They had to pass a civil service examination so the best men got the jobs and the tasks got done more efficiently
What was China’s influence on Korea?
Because Korea and China touch, there was always the threat of being invaded. Korea maintained a friendly political and economical relationship with China which led to them adopting some of China’s ideas like the role of women, confucianism, and the civil service exam)
What was China’s influence on Japan?
Japan and China were not directly touching so there was less threat of being invaded and everything Japan adapted was voluntary. Japan adapted whatever they found useful, like the imperial bureaucracy
What was China’s influence on Vietnam?
Vietnam and China touch so there was a threat of invasion there. The elite members of Vietname adapted confucianism, buddhism, chinese literacy techniques, and the civil service exam
What was one major difference between China and Vietnam during 1200-1450?
Women were treated much better and more fairly in Vietnam
Where did Buddhism origniate and when did it spread to China?
Originated in India and spread to China during the Han dynasty
What were the 4 noble truths?
Buddhist ideals: life is suffering, we suffer because we crave, we cease suffering when we cease craving, the eightfold path leads to the ceasing of suffering and craving
What is the eightfold path?
The principles and practices that a Buddhist must follow, a lifestyle and meditation
What is Theravada Buddhism?
Originated in Sri Lanka, basically regular Buddhism with emphasis on escaping the cycle of birth and death, only available to a select few-Monks
What is Mahayana Buddhism?
emphasized that Buddhist teachings were available to all, not just a select few, and compassion, and made the Budha a symbol of God
What is Tibetan Buddhism?
Regular buddhism with more mystical practices
What was the economy like during the Song Dynasty?
Made more goods than needed so were able to sell extras, Iron and Steel production was strong and gave them suits for war, coins, and tools
What was a major agricultural innovation during the Song Dynasty?
Champa Rice- drought resistant, harvested 2x a year, led to population increase
What were some transportation innovations in China during 1200-1450?
Grand canal, magnetic compass, and new ship building techniques
