AP World 4.1-4.3 Flashcards
What maritime technology did Europeans ADOPT during the time period 1450-1750?
the magnetic compass, astrolabel (measured stars to determine longnitude), lateen sail (triangular sail to make sure sailing was precise), improved astronomical charts
What were two major european innovations during the time period 1450-1750?
The Dutch Fluyt (designed for trade, massive cargo load, small crew), the Portaugues caravel (smaller so navigable and included cannons), and the carrack (larger, carried more cargo and guns)
Why did Portugal expand by sea and what were their motivations?
there was no other way to expand, motivated by technology (ships), economics (gold, spices), religion
What did Portugal establish to save money?
Self-sufficient trading posts
How did Spain expand?
Christopher Columbus traveled to the west, sent explorers to the Indies
What is the Columbian Exchange?
the transfer of new diseases, food, plants, and animals between the eastern and western hemispheres
What was the ‘new world’ and what was the ‘old world’?
new world= west/americas, old world=east/europe
What was the Great dying?
The columbian exchange brought the transfer of disease, the east brought disease vectors (rats, mosquitos, etc.) which led to diseases like malaria, measles, small pox, which all killed so mmany people
what goods were transported from the EAST TO THE WEST?
wheat, grapes, olives, bananas, sugar
what goods were transported for the WEST TO THE EAST?
manioc, maize, potatoes
What animals were transported from the EAST TO THE WEST?
pigs, sheep, cattles, all led to erosion
