Ap government unit two Flashcards
fifth amendment
-right to grand jury in federal cases
- no double jeopardy
-protection against self incrimination
sixth amendment
-right to attorney
- right to a speedy and public trial of impartial people
- right to be informed of charges
- right to confront and obtain witnesses
civil rights act of 1964
-signed by LBJ
- legislation response to civil rights movement and pressure for racial equality
- banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
Voting rights act of 1965
signed by LBJ
- response to systematic disenfranchisement go African Americans (south where there were literacy tests)
-banned discriminative voting practices
Title IX of the education act of 1972
-signed by Nixon
- prohibited sexual discrimination in schools
-applied to all levels of education
civil liberties
rights- chiefly, rights to be free of government interference- according to an individual by the constitution
14 th “due process of law”
denies government the right without due process, to deprive people of life, liberty, and property
14th “equal protection of the laws”
a standard of equal treatment the must be observed by the government
1st freedom of expression
right of people to speak, publish, and assemble
1st freedom of religion
people shall be free to exercise their religion and government may not establish a relgion
prior restraint
censorship of publication BEFORE it gets published
clear and present danger test
laws should not punish speech unless there is a clear and present danger of producing harmful actions
libel
a written statement that defames the character of another person
symbolic speech
an act that conveys a political message
1st free exercise clause
requirement that law cannot prevent exercise of religion
establishment clause
ban on laws “respecting an establishment of religion”
exclusionary rule
improperly gathered evidence may NOT reintroduced in a criminal trial
good faith exception
an error in gathering evidence that is minor that it may be used in trial
public safety exception
police can question a non-marndized suspect If there is an URGENT concern for public safety
inevitable discovery
the police can use evidence if it would have inevitably been discovered
civil rights
the rights of people to be treated without unreasonable or unconstitutional differences
de jure segregation
racial segregation that is required by law
de facto segregation
racial segregation’s that occurs because of patterns of residential settlement
civil disobedience
opposing a law one considers unjust by peaceful disobeying it and accepting the resulting punishment
affirmative action
laws/ administrative regulations that require a business firm, government agency, labor union, school, etc. to take positive steps to increase the number of African Americans, minorities, or women in its membership
reverse dissemination
using race or sec to give preferential treatment to some people
