AP Psych unit three Flashcards
developmental psychology
branch of psych. that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout life
cross sectoinal studies
comparing people of different ages ath the same point in time
longitutidanl studies
follows and retests the same people over time
teratogens
agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development that can cause harm
- why moms are advised not to drink or smoke
habituation
decreasing responsivness with repeated stimulation
- as infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a stimlus their interest wanes and they look away sooner
maturation
biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavuior, relatively uninfluenced by expirence
-nature
critical period
an optimal period early in the life of a orhanism when exposure to certain stimuli or expirences produce normal development
adoloscne
tradition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence
puberty
period of sexual maturation, during which a person usually becomes capable of reproducing
sex
biologically influnced charateristics by which peiople define male, female, or intersex
gender
attitudes, feeling, and behaviors that a given culture associates with a persons bilogical sex
intersex
possesing male and femal biological secual characterisrtics at brith
relational aggression
an act of aggression (physical or verbal) intended to harm a person’s relationship or social standing
- done slightly more by women
aggression
any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotinally
- men are generally more aggressive
x chromosomes
sex chromosomes found in females and males. females typically have two XX
y chromosomes
sex chromosome typically found only males XY
testosterone/Estogens
most important male hormone stimulayes testes to develope sex organs during FETAL PERIOD and development of male sex traits during PUBERTY
Same thing for woman but with estogens
- 7 weeks and they are produced
- babies brain is flooded with either one at 4 to 5 months
primary sex characteristics
body structures that make sexual reproduction possible
secondary sex characteristics
non-reproductive sexual traits
spermarche
males first ejaculation, male pubery landmark
menarche
females first mensural cycle, girls puberty landmark
roles
set of norms about a social position, defining how those in that position ought to behave
gender roles
set of expected attitudes, traits, and behaviors for men and women
gender identity
our personal sense of being male, female, or neither, or some combo regardless of wehether this identity maatches our assigned sex at birth, and the social affiliation that many result from this identity