AP Gopo unit four Flashcards
conseratives
people who beleive in law and order and would choose to lean toward order even at the expense of personal liberties
- traditional, less government, and less governemnt involvment
- slow change
- harsher punishments for lawbreakers
liberals
people who are concerned with protecting peoples rights and like expiremnting with policy
- want government aid/involvment
-protect the rights of the accused
individualism
belief in the worth and importance of individual
- ‘inalienable rights’ ‘consent of the governed’
- encourages people to pursue their own best intrests
free enterprise
an ‘invisible hand’ guided bu interactions of producers and consumers would regulate econmy over time
rule of law
a government that establishes laws that applu equally to all memebers of society and prevents rule and whims of leaders who see themselves as above the law
limited government
one kept under control by law and by checks and balances and seperation of powers
- prevents overreach
political socialization
the process by which you develope political beliefs (continous process)
relgious institutions
influence politcal thought (church and other places of worship)
civic institutions
girl/Boy Scouts, volunteers (volunteer sector)
- some bring likeminded people together
- others bring diferent kinds of people together
- both kinds shape political socialization
globalization
process of an ever expanding and increasing interactive world econmy
life cycle effects
the variety of physical, social, and psychological changes that peopel fo trhough as they afe
- shifts focus on what is important to them
public opinion polls
polls to guage attitudes on issues or support for candidates in an election in a cross-section of the population
benchmark polls
meassures support for a candidate and to gather infromation about issues people care about
- first type of poll used by poloitical campaign before potential candiate declares their intentions
tracking polls
asking people questions to measure how prospective voters feel about issues and how they may vote on election day
-campiang can ‘track’ issues
entrance/exit ticket polls
conducted outside polling places on election day to publically predict outcomes of elctions after polls close
pushing polls
a poll that tries to sway a person one way or another through the wording of questions
-manipluating langauge to make it seem like people are supporting something or vice versa
approval ratings
gauged by asking pollsters whether respondents apporves (yes or no) of presidents job preformance
focus group
small group of citizens (10-40) are gathered to hold conversations about issues/candidates
sampling techniques
assures an accurate poll with random and fair representation
representative sample
group of people meant to represent large group in question (aka the universe)
random digit dialing
computer randomly calls possible numbers in a given area until enough people repsod to have a representative sample
weighting/stratification
making sure demographics groups are properly represented in a sample
band wagon effect
a shift of support to a candidate or position holding the lead in public opinion and therefore believed to be endorsed by many people
bradley effect
African American candidates underpreform agasint their consistently inflated poll predictions
- people vote white but say the will vote black
