AOIs

Question 1

Pectoralis Major

Answer 1

Action: Adduction of arm; medial rotation of arm; flexion of arm; tension of arm (from flexed position)

Origin: Clavicle (medial part); sternum, costal cartilages 1-6, and aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle

Insertion: Humerus (intertubercular sulcus)

Question 2

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 2

Action: Adduction of arm; extension of arm; medial rotation of arm

Origin: Sacral and lumbar spines; iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia; ribs 9-12; spinous process of T6-12 vertebrae; scapula (inferior angle)

Insertion: Humerus (intertubercular sulcus)

Question 3

Deltoid

Answer 3

Action: Flexion and medial rotation of arm; abduction of arm; extension and lateral rotation of arm

Origin: Clavicle (lateral 1/3); scapula (acromion & spine)

Insertion: Humerus (deltoid tuberosity)

Question 4

Trapezius

Answer 4

Action: elevation, adduction, depression, and superior rotation of scapula

Origin: Occipital bone(superior nuchal line); spinous processes of C7 and T1-12 vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicle (lateral); scapula (spine and acromion)

Question 5

Pectoralis minor

Answer 5

Action: Stabilizes, abducts, and laterally rotates scapula

Origin: Ribs 3-5

Insertion: Scapula (coracoid process)

Question 6

External Oblique

Answer 6

Action: Rotation and flexion of trunk; compression of abdominal wall and viscera

Origin: Ribs and costal cartilages 5-12

Insertion: Linea alba; iliac crest

Question 7

Internal Oblique

Answer 7

Action: rotation and flexion of trunk; compression of abdominal wall and viscera

Origin: Inguinal ligament; iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion: Linea alba; costal cartilages 7-10

Question 8

Transverse Abdominis

Answer 8

Action: Compression of abdominal wall and viscera

Origin: Iliac crest; inguinal ligament; thoracolumbar fascia; costal cartilages 7-12

Insertion: Pubis; Linea alba; xiphoid process of sternum

Question 9

Brachioradialis

Answer 9

Action: flexion of forearm; pronation of forearm (when supinated); supination of forearm (when pronated)

Origin: Humerus (lateral distal shaft)

Insertion: Radius (styloid process)

Question 10

Pronator teres

Answer 10

Action: Pronation of forearm

Origin: Humerus (medial epicondyle); ulna (coronoid process)

Insertion: Radius (lateral mid-shaft)

Question 11

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 11

Action: Flexion of wrist; abduction of hand

Origin: Humerus (medial epicondyle)

Insertion: Metacarpals II and III (base)

Question 12

Palmaris longus

Answer 12

Action: flexion of wrist (weak); tense palmar aponeurosis

Origin: Humerus (medial epicondyle)

Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis

Question 13

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 13

Action: Flexion of wrist; abduction of hand

Origin: Humerus (medial epicondyle); ulna (olecranon and posterior border of ulna)

Insertion: Pisiform and hamate carpal bones; metacarpal V (base)

Question 14

Extensor Carpi radialis longus

Answer 14

Action: Extension or wrist; abduction of hand

Origin: Humerus (lateral epicondyle)

Insertion: metacarpal III (base)

Question 15

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 15

Action: Extension of wrist; abduction of hand

Origin: Humerus (lateral epicondyle)

Insertion: metacarpal II (base)

Question 16

Extensor digitorum

Answer 16

Action: Extension of fingers 2-5; extension of wrist

Origin: Humerus (lateral epicondyle)

Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of fingers 2-5

Question 17

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 17

Action: Extension of wrist; adduction of hand

Origin: Humerus (lateral epicondyle); ulna (posterior shaft)

Insertion: Metacarpal V (base)