Anxiolytic and sedative meds

Question 0

MOA of benzodiazepines

Answer 0

Bind adjacent to GABA receptors
Opens chlorine channels which leads to hyperpolarization of the neuronal cell membrane
This makes it difficult for the nerve cell to be depolarized by the neurotransmitter amines

Question 1

Phenobarbital/ Luminol

Answer 1

most widely used anticonvulsant worldwide with sedative and hypnotic properties

Question 2

Midazolam/ Versed

Answer 2

potent sedative and muscle relaxant

short-acting benzodiazepine

Question 3

Diazepam/ Valium

Answer 3

Benzodiazepine used as an anxiolytic or a muscle relaxant, or for seizure control
Sides:
drowsiness, impaired mentation, tolerance and addiction
rebound insomnia after discontinuation
severe withdrawal

Question 4

Zolpidum/ Ambien

Answer 4

short-acting non-benzo hypnotic that potentiates GABA at the same location as benzodiazepine
effective to initiate sleep but not maintain it

Question 5

Eszopiclone/ Lunesta

Answer 5

Benzo like hypnotic for insomnia
binds to a similar site as benzo to potentiate GABA (different site)
rapid onset
impaired mentation prior to sedation

Question 6

Ramelteon/ Rozerem

Answer 6

melatonin agonist

Question 7

Benzo withdrawal

Answer 7

can be life-threatening with seizures
combining these drugs with alcohol can cause coma or death
more common withdrawal sxs are CNS depression and sxs of intoxication

Question 8

Flumazenil/ Romazicon

Answer 8

rapidly reverse benzodiazepines, but can abruptly precipitate withdrawal
IV only
onset is rapid but duration is short
Reverses CNS effects but not the respiratory depression.