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Bio58 Midterm 2 > Anxiety > Flashcards

Anxiety Flashcards

1
Q

What is anxiety?

A

An uncomfortable feeling of vague fear or apprehension accompanied by physical sensations

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2
Q

What are the 2 basic components of anxiety?

A
  1. Physical symptoms

2. Mental symptoms

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3
Q

What are the 5 types of anxiety?

A
  1. Situational Anxiety
  2. GAD - Generalized Anxiety DIsorder
  3. Panic Disorder
  4. OCD - Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
  5. PTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
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4
Q

What is characteristic of situation anxiety?

A
  1. transient - lasts no longer than 2-3 weeks

2. ends when situation resolves

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5
Q

What is characteristic of GAD and what are the “must have” symptoms?

A

MUST have 3 of the following 6:

  1. Restlessness
  2. Fatigue
  3. Irritability
  4. Muscle Tension
  5. Difficulty concentrating
  6. Difficulty sleeping
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6
Q

For GAD, when you have 3 of the 6 symptoms what are the other 2 things that MUST be present?

A
  1. for a period of 6 months or longer

2. unrealistic or excessive worry over 2 or more life circumstances

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7
Q

What is characteristic of Panic Disorder?

A
  1. acute - sudden onset
  2. very short episodes (couple hours at most)
  3. usually over fear of losing control
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8
Q

What are the 2 components of OCD?

A
  1. Obsession - persistent, intrusive thoughts

2. Compulsion - persistent, intrusive behavior in response to obsession (usually repetitious)

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9
Q

What are the 2 MOST important characteristics of OCD?

A
  1. Involuntary

2. Senseless

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10
Q

What 2 areas of brain are stimulated in anxiety disorders?

A
  1. Sympathetic Nervous System (part of PNS)

2. Limbic System (controls/regulates emotions/behaviors)

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11
Q

What are the 2 treatment approaches to anxiety disorders?

A
  1. non-pharmacological

2. pharmacological

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12
Q

What are the 2 categories of pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders?

A
  1. Benzodiazepines

2. Non-benzodiazepines

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13
Q

What is another name for pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders?

A

Anxiolytics

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14
Q

What 2 categories are the benzodiazepine drugs broken down into?

A
  1. Long-lasting

2. Short-lasting

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15
Q

What are the 3 Long-Lasting Benzodiazepines?

A
  1. Diazepam/Valium
  2. Chlorodiazepoxide
  3. Clonazepam/Klonopin
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16
Q

What else is diazepam used for?

A

skeletal muscle relaxant

17
Q

What else is clonazepam used for?

A

seizures

18
Q

What are the 3 short-lasting benzodiazepines?

A
  1. Temazepam
  2. Alprazolam/Xanax
  3. Lorazepam/Ativan
19
Q

What action do benzodiazepines enhance?

A

Enhance the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA

20
Q

What does GABA stand for?

A

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

21
Q

What are some common side effects of anxiolytics or benzodiazepines?

A
  1. CNS - sedation/fatigue
  2. Insomnia
  3. Anticholinergic
  4. Orthostatic hypotension
  5. GI - nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
  6. Skeletal Relaxation
22
Q

What are the 2 NON-BENZODIAZEPINE categories?

A
  1. Azapirones

2. Beta-blockers

23
Q

What is the MOA for azapirones?

A

bind to certain serotonin receptors to decrease serotonin activity

24
Q

What is the azaprione drug to know?

A

Buspirone

25
Q

What does buspirone NOT in the SE category?

A
  1. Sedate

2. Relax Skeletal Muscle

26
Q

What does buspirone DO that’s a bit different?

A

mild anti-depressant

27
Q

What does this make buspirone good for?

A

PTSD - a bit of anxiety and mild depression

28
Q

What is the beta-blocker used for anxiety?

A

Propanolol

29
Q

What else is propanolol used for?

A

Migraines, stage fright, HTN, angina, arrythmias and postMI

30
Q

What patient is a BAD choice for propanolol use?

A

A patient with asthma or COPD, as it is a non-selective beta blocker and will cause bronchoconstriction.

Bio58 Midterm 2 (16 decks)

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