antivirals/antiretrovirals

Question 1

does acyclovir or valcyclovir have greater oral availability?

Answer 1

valcyclovir

Question 2

which drug used to tx herpes does not need prior phosphorylation in order to act (is not a prodrug)?

Answer 2

foscarnet

Question 3

which antiviral is associated with reversible crystalline nephrotoxicity?

Answer 3

acyclovir

Question 4

which drug is a prodrug of ganciclovir?

Answer 4

valganciclovir

Question 5

benefits of using valganciclovir over ganciclovir?

Answer 5

better oral bioavailability

Question 6

which antiviral is limited to administration for ocular disease (no systemic admin)?

Answer 6

trifluridine

Question 7

which antiviral can be used in cases of resistant herpes?

Answer 7

foscarnet (b/c acts further down the pathway of viral synthesis)

Question 8

what is the most common complication of influenza?

Answer 8

pneumonia (primary viral or secondary bacterial pneumonia)

Question 9

oseltamivir is approved for children ____ and older?

Answer 9

1 and older

Question 10

zanamivir is approved for children _____ and older?

Answer 10

7 and older

Question 11

administration of oseltamivir is ____; while admin of zanamivir is ______

Answer 11

oral; inhalation

Question 12

MOA: inhibits activity of influenza A M2 protein (req’d for nucleocapsid release)

Answer 12

amantadine and rimantadine

Question 13

when is tx with ribavirin indicated?

Answer 13

severe LRT illness in

1. premies
2. immunocompro
3. chronic lung or congenital heart disease

Question 14

hemolytic anemia is indicated with what drug admin?

Answer 14

ribavirin

Question 15

which HCV drugs fxn by inhibiting NS3/4A protease?

Answer 15

paritaprevir, simeprevir

Question 16

which HCV drugs fxn by inhibiting HCV NS5A protein, which is necessary for viral RNA replications?

Answer 16

ledipasvir, ombitasvir

Question 17

which HCV drugs fxn by inhibiting nucleotide analogue prodrug?

Answer 17

sofosbuvir

Question 18

which HCV drug is a non-nucleoside inhibitor of RNA-dependent- RNA polymerase?

Answer 18

dasabuvir

Question 19

which HCV drug should NOT be co-administered with St. John’s wort, or riframpin?

Answer 19

sofosbuvir

Question 20

which antiretroviral is associated with myelosuppresion and nail hyperpigmentation?

Answer 20

zidovudine

Question 21

which antiretroviral is considered to be the least toxic?

Answer 21

lamivudine

Question 22

which antiretroviral is associated with allergic rxn associated with HLA-B5707 , and requries genetic screening prior to administration?

Answer 22

abacavir

Question 23

which antiretroviral is associated with renal and bone toxicity (fanconi syndrome)?

Answer 23

tenofovir

Question 24

which class of antiretrovirals is associated wtih steven johnson syndrome & rash?

Answer 24

NNRTI

Question 25

which antiretroviral requires acid for absorption & hence, should not be taken with PPIs or antacids?

Answer 25

atazanavir

Question 26

which PI has little conferred resistance (less than 10%)?

Answer 26

darunavir

Question 27

which antiretroviral is associated with CK elevation, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 27

raltegravir

Question 28

which integrase inhibitor can be used when other integrase inhibitors have conferred resistance?

Answer 28

dolutegravir