antivirals/antiretrovirals Flashcards
does acyclovir or valcyclovir have greater oral availability?
valcyclovir
which drug used to tx herpes does not need prior phosphorylation in order to act (is not a prodrug)?
foscarnet
which antiviral is associated with reversible crystalline nephrotoxicity?
acyclovir
which drug is a prodrug of ganciclovir?
valganciclovir
benefits of using valganciclovir over ganciclovir?
better oral bioavailability
which antiviral is limited to administration for ocular disease (no systemic admin)?
trifluridine
which antiviral can be used in cases of resistant herpes?
foscarnet (b/c acts further down the pathway of viral synthesis)
what is the most common complication of influenza?
pneumonia (primary viral or secondary bacterial pneumonia)
oseltamivir is approved for children ____ and older?
1 and older
zanamivir is approved for children _____ and older?
7 and older
administration of oseltamivir is ____; while admin of zanamivir is ______
oral; inhalation
MOA: inhibits activity of influenza A M2 protein (req’d for nucleocapsid release)
amantadine and rimantadine
when is tx with ribavirin indicated?
severe LRT illness in
- premies
- immunocompro
- chronic lung or congenital heart disease
hemolytic anemia is indicated with what drug admin?
ribavirin
which HCV drugs fxn by inhibiting NS3/4A protease?
paritaprevir, simeprevir
which HCV drugs fxn by inhibiting HCV NS5A protein, which is necessary for viral RNA replications?
ledipasvir, ombitasvir
which HCV drugs fxn by inhibiting nucleotide analogue prodrug?
sofosbuvir
which HCV drug is a non-nucleoside inhibitor of RNA-dependent- RNA polymerase?
dasabuvir
which HCV drug should NOT be co-administered with St. John’s wort, or riframpin?
sofosbuvir
which antiretroviral is associated with myelosuppresion and nail hyperpigmentation?
zidovudine
which antiretroviral is considered to be the least toxic?
lamivudine
which antiretroviral is associated with allergic rxn associated with HLA-B5707 , and requries genetic screening prior to administration?
abacavir
which antiretroviral is associated with renal and bone toxicity (fanconi syndrome)?
tenofovir
which class of antiretrovirals is associated wtih steven johnson syndrome & rash?
NNRTI
which antiretroviral requires acid for absorption & hence, should not be taken with PPIs or antacids?
atazanavir
which PI has little conferred resistance (less than 10%)?
darunavir
which antiretroviral is associated with CK elevation, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis?
raltegravir
which integrase inhibitor can be used when other integrase inhibitors have conferred resistance?
dolutegravir
