Antineoplastics

Question 1

carcinoma

Answer 1

develop from epithelial cells that originate in ectoderm or endodermal tissue

Question 2

sarcoma

Answer 2

originate from mesoderm

Question 3

what is the most common category of cancer?

Answer 3

carcinomas

Question 4

leukemia

Answer 4

neoplasms that invovle bone marrow + peripheral blood

Question 5

lymphomas

Answer 5

B or T cell lymphocytes

Question 6

myelomas

Answer 6

plasma cells

Question 7

mechanisms of oncogene formation

Answer 7

1. point mutation
2. gene amplification
3. chromosomal translocations

Question 8

what are the 3 main checkpoints of cell cycle?

Answer 8

1. prepare for DNA replication,”cell size & environ favorable? All DNA intact?” G1–>S
2. enter mitosis, “is DNA completely replicated?” G2–>M
3. begin chromatid separation and prepare for cytokinesis, “All DNA intact? Chromosomes attached to mitotic spindle?” M phase

Question 9

is cell killing by cancer drugs first or 2nd order?

Answer 9

1st order, chemotx drugs kill a constant proportion of cancer cells

Question 10

what is the most common binding site of alkylating agents?

Answer 10

7-nitrogen group of guanine

Question 11

how are non-classical alkylating agents incorporated into cells?

Answer 11

via Cu transporter

Question 12

how to reduce the nephrotoxicity related to cisplatin?

Answer 12

administer with saline

Question 13

fxn of microtubules

Answer 13

structural component of cytoskeleton
shuttle vesicles
move chromosomes during mitosis

Question 14

what is it called when you give drug tx after primary tx (ie. surgery)

Answer 14

adjuvant tx

Question 15

when you give tx to shrink a tumor before surgery?

Answer 15

neoadjuvant tx