Antiviral and Antiparasitic QUIZ Flashcards
Regarding the avermectin drug class (such as ivermectin)
1. they are effective against cestodes (tapeworms)
2. they act by preventing larval stages from maturing
3. there is a test to identify animals at increased risk for toxicity
4. they act by causing thiamin antagonism
- there is a test to identify animals at increased risk for toxicity
Regarding the treatment of heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis:
1. side effects of treatment might include injection site pain, allergic reaction, vascular obstruction in the lungs
2. all of the choices are correct
3. an intramuscular injection of melarsomine is an effective adulticide
4. after adulticide therapy, a microfilaricide must be given
- all of the choices are correct
Organophosphates…
1. bind to microtubulin and prevent energy metabolism
2. have a wide therapeutic range in all species
3. are only effective against endoparasites, not ectoparasites
4. inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in the neuromuscular junction
- inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in the neuromuscular junction
A 1200 lb Angus bull needs to be dewormed with albendazole liquid at a dose of 10mg/kg po. If albdendazole is available at a concentration of 113.6 mg/ml, how many milliliters are needed to treat this bull?
a. 329ml
b. 48ml
c. 68ml
d. 4.8ml
b. 48ml
Math:
1200 lb x 0.454 = 544.8 kg Bull weight
10mg/kg x 545 = 5450 mg needed
Stock Drug 113.6 mg/ml available (Self- check, approximate need around 50 ml)
5450 / 113.6 = 47. 57 ml
A heifer weighs 100 lbs and has been Diagnosed with coccidia. The DVM orders amprolium at a dose of 10mg/kg po SID for 5 days. On hand is Corid liquid (9.6% amprolium). How many ml will you dispense to treat this calf?
1. about 24ml
2. about 240ml
3. about 5ml
4. about 50 ml
- about 24ml
Math:
100 lb = 45.4 kg
10mg/kg x 45.4 = 454 mg x 5 = 2270 mg total need
9.6% = 9.6 gm/100ml
9.6 gm/100 ml = 9600mg/100ml = 96mg/ml amprolium in Cori
2270mg / 96 mg/ml = 23.6 ml
T/F: Prevention of heartworm disease requires the stopping the L3 stage from reaching maturity.
True
T/F: Nitenpyram (Capstar) kills adult fleas and is safe for kittens older than 4 weeks.
True
T/F: Anticoccidial drugs such as sulfadimethoxine (Albon) are coccicidal, killing the protozoa.
False. They “paralyze” them.
T/F: Antiviral drugs act by preventing viral penetration of the host cell or by inhibiting the production of viral RNA or DNA.
True
T/F: Insect Development Regulators (IDRs) inhibit synthesis of chitin, making them safe for use on mammals.
True
List three possible clinical signs of organophosphate toxicity. (be specific)
SLUDDE
1. Salivation
2. Lacrimation (producing/secreting tears)
3. Urination (polyuria)
4. Dyspnea
5. Diarrhea
6. Emesis (vomiting)
List two qualities of the ideal parasiticide drug.
- Doesn’t harm the host
- Doesn’t create a resistance in the parasite
