Antihypertensive Flashcards
Normal blood pressure
Systolic _____ Hg and
diastolic ____mmHg.
<120mm Hg
<80 mm Hg
Elevated blood pressure
Systolic ___ – ___ mg Hg and diastolic, 80mm Hg
Systolic 120 – 129 mg Hg
Stage 1
Systolic __-___ mm Hg or
diastolic __ to __ mm Hg
Systolic 130-139 mm Hg
diastolic 80 to 89 mm Hg
Stage 2
Systolic at least ___ mm Hg or
diastolic at least ___ mm Hg
Systolic at least 140 mm Hg
diastolic at least 90 mm Hg
Step-Care Regimen Hypertension
Step 1 is ______
(Salt restriction Weight reduction Exercise Stress reduction Sleep.)
Life Style Changes
Step-Care Regimen Hypertension
Step 2 is _____
and is used to control 80% of patients
Use of Thiazide Diuretic, ACE-I, ARB, or CCB
Consider using ___ instead of an ACE-I in African American patients due to
the increased risk of angioedema.
ARB
Step-Care Regimen Hypertension
Step 3 is _____
- Use of Thiazide Diuretic, ACE-I, ARB, or CCB (use one).
- Life Style Changes
- Increase dose of drugs or combine two drugs
Increase dose of drugs or combine two drugs
Step-Care Regimen Hypertension
Step 4 is _____
Combine 2-3 of Step 3.
Action of what class of antihypertensive
(a) Lower blood pressure by dilating or increasing the size of the arterial blood
vessels.
(b) Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE): Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin
II.
- Calcium Channel Blocker
- ACE Inhibitors, ARBs
- Beta Blocker
ACE Inhibitors, ARBs
What type of Hypertensive?
a) Lisinopril: Zestril, Prinivil
b) Captopril: Capoten
c) Enalapril: Vasotec
d) Ramipril: Altace
ACE-Inhibitors
(End with – “pril”)
What class of hypertensive?
These agents act by causing peripheral vasodilation (it inhibits calcium from getting into the muscle cells to cause contraction).
- Calcium Channel Blocker
- ACE Inhibitors, ARBs
- Beta Blocker
Calcium Channel Blocker
CCB’s are used in
Treating HTN, atrial cardiac arrhythmias
what two categories are there?
Dihydropyridines
Non-dihydropyridines
What category of CCB?
These are less potent vasodilators but have a greater depressive effect on cardiac conduction and contractility. These are used for treatment of chronic stable angina, cardiac arrhythmias, and for proteinuria reduction.
- Dihydropyridines
- Non-dihydropyridines
Non-dihydropyridines
What category of CCB?
These are potent vasodilators that have little or no negative effect upon cardiac contractility or conduction. These are primarily used for treatment of HTN.
- Dihydropyridines
- Non-dihydropyridines
Dihydropyridines
______compete with adrenergic (sympathetic) neurotransmitters (epinephrine and norepinephrine) for adrenergic receptor sites.
Beta blockers
________adrenergic receptor sites are located chiefly in the heart where stimulation results in increased heart rate, contractility, and AV conduction
- Beta 1
- Beta 2
Beta 1
________adrenergic receptors are found mainly in bronchial and vascular smooth muscle and the uterus.
- Beta 1
- Beta 2
Beta²
Use of what medication?
Management of hypertension, angina pectoris, tachyarrhythmia, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, migraine headache (prophylaxis), MI (prevention), glaucoma (ophthalmic use), congestive heart failure (CHF) (Carvedilol and sustained release Metoprolol only) and hyperthyroidism (management of symptoms only)
Beta Blockers
Can your patient stop taking beta blockers abruptly?
NO
These meds are examples of what antihypertensive?
(a) Metoprolol: Lopressor
(b) Propanolol: Inderal
(c) Atenolol: Tenormin
Beta Blockers (-olol)
What class can you use for 1st line indication in the treatment of hypertension in patients with Diabetes mellitus
ACE Inhibitors, ARBs
These are an example of what class?
a) Lisinopril: Zestril, Prinivil
b) Captopril: Capoten
c) Enalapril: Vasotec
d) Ramipril: Altace
ACE-Inhibitors
End with – “pril”
These are an example of what class?
1) Losartan: Cozaar
2) Telmisartan: Micardis
ARB – Inhibitors
Step-Care Regimen Hypertension
Step 1 is ______
(Salt restriction Weight reduction Exercise Stress reduction Sleep.)
Life Style Changes
