Anticoagulant Rodenticides Flashcards
Which of the following coagulation factors is not dependent on vitamin K/? A) II B) X C) IX D) III
III, the coagulation factors dependent on vitamin K are 2, 7, 9 and 10 (1972)
T/F: ingestion of anticoagulant rodenticides results in parachute death.
False, the action is slow and generally not less than 24-36h for any product
over 1 week for 1st generation
Toxicity in first and second generation anticoagulant rodenticides
first generation - most toxic when ingested daily for a week
second generation - effective after one dose
first generation anticoagulant rodenticides
warfarin
pindone
intermediate anticoagulant rodenticides
chlorphacinone
diphacinone
second generation anticoagulant rodenticides
brodifacoum
bromodialone
Order of sensitivity of animals to anticoagulant rodenticides
pigs, dogs and cats, ruminants, horses and chickens
most susceptible to anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity
dogs
Factors that affect anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity
vitamin K deficiency
preexisting liver disease
enzyme inhibitors
anything that causes hemorrhage
Toxicokinetics of anticoagulant rodenticides
largely bound to plasma proteins
higher concentrations in liver
metabolized by hydroxylation
T/F: first generation anticoagulant rodenticides have a longer half life than second generation
false, other way around
MoA of anticoagulant rodenticides
inhibit vitamin K epoxide reductase
depletion of vitamin K
reduced activation of clotting factors 2, 7, 9, 10
T/F: second generation anticoagulant rodenticides are more potent than first generation
true
Clinical signs of anticoagulant rodenticides
signs of hemorrhage
animals may die without external evidence of bleeding
abortion in cattle (placental hemorrhage)
T/F: you would see a prolongation of coagulation parameters in an animal with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity.
true, increased ACT, PT, APTT, PIVKA
