Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology > Antibiotics 2 > Flashcards

Antibiotics 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Polypeptides inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding to the ? -> inhibits ? -> prevents ?

A

D-ala-D-Ala terminus
Transglycosylase
transpeptidation (cross-linking)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most polypeptide have this ADR

A

Renal Toxicity

- Renal dose adjustments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most polypeptide lack systemic activity EXCEPT

A

Vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ADR of Vancomycin

A

Red Man Syndrome (Red Neck Syndrome)

  • Slow infusion rate
  • IV fluid
  • Antihistamine
  • Anaphylaxis: stop!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Test to det. min. dosage of Vancomycin

A

Vancomycin Trough Level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Polymyxins are ? ? (2 words)

A

Cation Detergents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Polymyxin that is injected

A

Polymyxin E/ Colistin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Polymyxin that is applied topically

A

Polymyxin B (Balat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

30s (AT30)

A

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

50s (Mariah Carey Canon is 50 years old)

A

Macrolides
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What relationship exists bet. aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics?

A

Synergistic (1+1=3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ototoxic Aminoglycosides (NAK - Pag bingi ka, u won’t hear my NAK (knock))

A

Neomycin
Amikacin
Kanamycin

*High frequency affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Vestibulotoxic (SG - Si Sarah G. laging nakavest)

A

Streptomycin

Gentamicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nephrotoxic (NGT dumeretso sa kidney)

A

Neomycin
Gentamicin
Tobramycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most toxic aminoglycoside?

A

Tobramycin

Tobrang Toxic ni Tobramycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

All protein synthesis inhibitors are bacteriostatic EXCEPT?

A

Aminoglycosides - can be given in sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

All aminoglycosides are given parenterally EXCEPT

A

NEOMYCIN (topical and oral only)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Aminoglycosides Coverage (4)

A

Gram + EXCEPT Strep. pneumoniae
Gram -
Pseudomonas
No coverage for Atypical and Anaerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Aminoglycoside has what kind of relationship with other bacteriostatic antibiotics?

A

Antagonism (1+1=0)

Never combine cidal & static

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Short Acting Tetracyclines

A

all end in -tetracycline
Tetracycline
Chlortetracycline
Oxytetracycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Long Acting Tetracyclines (DoMino)

A

Doxycycline

Minocycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Tetracyclines is impaired by antacids, dairy, divalent cations (Ca, Mg, Fe) or Al via the process of ?

A

Chelation/ Complex Formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

All tetracyclines are secreted in the bile and urine EXCEPT

A

Doxycycline (Bile only)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tetracycline Coverage (5)

A 
Gram +
Gram -
Atypical - DOC
Anaerobes
NO PSEUDOMONAS. Broadest spectrum except for pseudomonas.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Tetracycline most impt. ADRS?
buTooth Permanent teeth discoloration, enamel hypolasia Bone deformity
26
Tetracyclines are avoided during ? and children ? years old.
pregnancy and children <8 years old.
27
Macrolides Coverage (5)
``` Gram + Gram - Atypical No pseudomonas No anaerobes ```
28
Macrolides (CARE)
Clarithromycin Azithromycin Roxithromycin Erythromycin
29
Macrolide that stimulates MOTILLIN release
Erythromycin Magtatae
30
The only macrolide that is concentration dependent
Azithromycin Qu/A/A/Met/Dap/Poly
31
Macrolide that causes Arrythmia
Azithromycin
32
What antibiotic causes aplastic anemia/ myelosupression?
Chloramphenicol
33
Notorious ADR of Chloramphenicol?
Gray baby syndrome
34
Infants don't have this enzyme that's why they can't metabolized chloramphenicol
UDP-Glucoronosyl transferase | Sangglo, Sulfation only, no glucoronidation
35
What pathway is effective in detoxifying chloramphenicol?
Glucoronidation (Phase II rxn)
36
Lincosomides ADR
SJS
37
Clindamycin ADR
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis All oral antibiotic causes p.e
38
Anaerobic infection Tx ABOVE respiratory diaphragm except the brain
Clindamycin
39
Anaerobic infection Tx BELOW respiratory diaphragm PLUS the brain
Metronidazole
40
What drugs inhibits DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE? (2)
Methotrexate | Trimetoprim
41
Trimethoprim (TMP) – Sulfamethoxazole (SMX)/ Co-trimoxazole are the DOC in these bacteria (4)
SBPToxo Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Burkholderia cepacian Pneumocysticjiroveci/ carini Toxoplasma gondii May be used for prostatitis
42
Co-trimoxazole ADRs (5)
CHAT KS? ``` Crystalluria -> bleeding & kidney obs. Hemolytic Anemia Agranulocytosis/ Thrombocytopenia Kernicterus/ Toxic enceph SJS ```
43
Co-trimoxazole ADR is crystalluria. What are the different factors that can precipitate this? (3)
Acidic urine High urinary concentration Low solubility Co-tri itself doesn't cause crystalluria but just in the presence of these 3 factors
44
Quinolones inhibit what ?
Topoisomerase IV
45
Quinolones Cov (5)
``` Gram + Gram - Atypical Anaerobic (Moxifloxacin only) Pseudomonas (CipLe) ```
46
Respiratory Quinolones used in pneumonia
MoGeLe Moxifloxacin Gemifloxacin Levofloxacin
47
All quinolones can cause hyperglycemia in DM pxs EXCEPT
Gatifloxacin - Hypoglycemia, no longer manufactured
48
Tetracycline: bones Fluoroquinolones: ?
Cartilage - causes Arthropathy
49
What enzyme coverts the Metronidazole from its prodrug form to its metabolites?
Ferrodoxine reductase/ Ferrodoxine oxydoredectase
50
Metronidazole notorious ADR (2)
Furry Tongue | Metallic Taste
51
Tx for pseudomembranous colitis locally?
Metronidazole Internationally: Vancomycin IV
52
Polymixins are for ?
Multidrug resistant organism (last line)
53
What aminoglycoside is contraindicated during pregnancy?
Streptomycin - deafness in the newborn
54
T/F: Tetracycline is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating mothers?
T
55
Broadest spectrum except for pseudomonas
Tetracycline
56
Tigecycline covers almost everything except? (3PM)
Pseudomonas Proteus Providencia Morganella
57
DOC for atypical
Tetracycline
58
DOC for mild leptospirosis
Doxycycline
59
LinCosamides (2)
Lincomycin | Clindamycin
60
Clindamycin Coverage
Gram + MRSA - Comm. acquired Anaerobic
61
<10 % BSA
SJS
62
>30% BSA
TEN
63
10-30%
SJS-TEN Overlap
64
SJS defect
dermo-epidermalpapillo junction
65
What enzyme relieves supercoiling of DNA?
Toposiomerase IV
66
Fluoroquinolone that has cov. for anaerobes?
Moxifloxacin
67
Fluoroquinolone that has cov. for pseudomonas
CipLe Ciprofloxacin Lexofloxacin
68
Fluoroquinolones ECG change?
QT interval prolongation *SSRIs, Amiodarone, Hydrochloroquine
69
Metronidazole Cov (AB GET)
``` Anaerobic Brain abscess Giardia Entamoeba Trichomonas ```

Pharmacology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions