antiarrhythmias class IV: Ca channel blockers & others Flashcards
What is the oral complication of CCB like nifedipine, amlodipine and verapamil?
gingival hyperplasia
What is the common suffix for dihydropyridine CCB?
-dipine
What are the two non-dihydropyridine CCB used as antiarrhythmics?
verapamil & diltiazem
Which is a calcium channel blocking vasodilator with high selectivity towards the heart?
verapamil
What is the antidote for CCB?
B1 adrenergic agonists; or other drugs that increase Ca flux
(dihydropyridine/ non-dihydropyridine) CCB are well known for having cardiovascular effects like sinus node depression.
Non-dihydropyridine
Diltiazem is ( more/ less) cardioselective than verapamil.
less
What type of Ca channels do both dihydropyridine and non-dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers block?
voltage-dependent L-type Ca channels
What are the two non-dihydropyridines that can be used to manage hypertension, angina, atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter?
diltiazem & verapamil
The (pacemaker/cardiac muscle) cells of heart are the primary site of action of diltiazem.
pacemaker
How do Ca channel blockers influence muscle contractility at cardiac and smooth muscle?
decrease
Diltiazem is used for (nodal/ectopic) nodal arrhythmias and for rate control in atrial fibrillation.
nodal
The calcium channel blocker class used to treat Raynaud phenomenon is the ?
dihydropyridines (except for Nimodipine).
What is a non-dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel blocker similar to beta-blockers in effect?
verapamil
Adverse effects of Ca2+-channel blocking agents such as verapamil, include
constipation
edema
AV block
hyperprolactinemia
