Anti-hypertensive drugs affecting RAAS

Question 1

What is the common suffix for ACE inhibitors?

Answer 1

-pril

Question 2

What is the common suffix for angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Answer 2

-sartan

Question 3

What is an ACE inhibitor that is administered as a prodrug?

Answer 3

Enalapril

Question 4

What is the MOA of Losartan?

Answer 4

Competitive antagonism of angiotensin II receptor

Question 5

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and thiazide diuretics are both considered ________ choice of antihypertensives.

Answer 5

first

Question 6

Which antihypertensives are recommended in patients with diabetes, esp those with renal complications?

Answer 6

Captopril ( and other ACEI); or angiotensin receptor blockers (like Telmisartan)

Question 7

The mechanism of action of captopril is

Answer 7

ACE inhibition

Question 8

What is the MOA of enalapril?

Answer 8

ACE inhibition

Question 9

What is the MOA of Lisinopril?

Answer 9

ACE inhibition

Question 10

Captopril, enalapril and ______ are ACE inhibitors that decrease angiotensin II levels and subsequently decrease GFR by preventing the constriction of efferent arterioles.

Answer 10

lisinopril

Question 11

The mechanism of _________ is to selectively block binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptor(vasoconstriction).

*AT2 (vasodilation)

Answer 11

angiotensin II receptor antagonists

Question 12

The difference between angiotensin II receptor antagonists and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is that the former does not increase _________.

Answer 12

bradykinin

Question 13

If angiotensin converting enzymes inhibitors cannot be tolerated, the medication of choice is ____________.

Answer 13

angiotensin II receptor antagonists

Question 14

The adverse effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonists are ___________.

Answer 14

hyperkalemia (blockade of angiotensin II prevents downstream secretion of aldosterone)
decreased GFR (vasodilation renal efferent arterioles)
hypotension (less aldosterone, less Na get reabsorbed)

Question 15

Which drug is an AT1 receptor blocker?

Answer 15

Losartan

Question 16

Which drug is most likely to precipitate dry cough as a side effect?

Answer 16

Enalapril

Question 17

In some patients with pre-existing renal disease, the glomerular filtration may decrease with an _________ inhibitor?

Answer 17

ACE
Hence, need to do renal function test

Question 18

Drugs that have effect on cardiac remodelling?

Answer 18

1. Aldosterone antagonist
   Spironolactone
2. ACEIs
   Enalapril
3. ARB
   Losartan
4. Beta-blockers
   Metoprolol

Question 19

Which drugs should be used to delay diabetic nephropathy?

Answer 19

ACEI & ARBs
Enalapril and Losartan

Question 20

Indicates for HTN with BPH patients

Answer 20

Prazosin

Question 21

Indicates for hypertension with coronary artery disease

Answer 21

Propranolol

Question 22

Hypertension with diabetes mellitus

Answer 22

Enalapril

Question 23

Hypertension with pregnancy

Answer 23

Methyldopa