Anti Protozoal /malaria Flashcards
What does distributional selectivity mean
Where the drug is directed/administered to into a limited compartment concentrated with parasite
Why are protozoan plasmodium hard to target
Eukaryotic
What causes malarial symptoms like fever pain
Rbc lysis
What are the 4 types of plasmodium
Falciparum
Virax
Ovale
Malarie
Which plasmodium takes shortest time (6 days) to infect
Falciparum
Which 2 plasmodium exist as hypnozoites in liver
Virax and ovale
Who is the definitive host for plasmodium (sexual reproduction)
Female mosquito
What are injected into our blood from mosquito saliva and where do they go
Sporozoites
Enter blood to the liver
After replication in liver what is released to go to the rbc
Merozoites
What is the stage in the liver called
Exo erythrocytic cycle
Once merozoites penetrate rbc, what are they called
TrophoZoites
What are trophozoites whixh then lay dormant in liver called
Hypnozoites (ovale and virax)
Name some things which trophozoites do in asexual reproduction in the rbc
Digest AA, Hb for energy
Convert heme to hemeozoin (less toxic for them)
Trophozoites which are released from burst rbc are called merozoites again. What do they develop into
Gametocytes
Which then infect next mosquito in blood
What are the 4 targets in life cycle
Exo erythrocytic cycle
Erythrocytic cycle
Link between liver and rbc
Gametocytes infecting a new mosquito
What are drugs called which act on exo erythrocytic cycle and which parasites do they work best on
radical cure
Work best on hypnozoites eg virax or ovale
What is a clinical cure
Works on erythrocytic cycle for ones which don’t reproduce in the liver
What do prophylaxis treatment do
Stop the transfer between liver and rbc
What are 4 amino quinolones and give example
Drugs which target clinical and prophylaxis (erythrocytic forms)
Chloroquine example