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Pharmacology 2 > Anti-Cancer > Flashcards

Anti-Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

which drugs are nitrogen mustards

A

chlorambucil
cyclophosphamide
melphalan

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2
Q

which nitrogen mustard is used for chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mast cells

A

chorambucil

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3
Q

in what species would you want to combine chlorambucil with sterioids

A

cats

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4
Q

what drug should be used for GI lymphoma in cats

A

chlorambucil

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5
Q

a cat comes in with a loss of whiskers. which drug was he probable on

A

chlorambucil

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6
Q

what cytotoxic agent causes sterile hemorrhagic cysts

A

acrolein
cyclophosphamide

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7
Q

what drug is used to treat the sterile hemorrhagic cyst

A

furosemide

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8
Q

hwo does chlorambucil affect tumor growth

A

slows them down

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9
Q

what is needed to convery cyclophosphamide to its active form

A

cyclophosphamide

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10
Q

what is cycylophosphamide used to treat in cats

A

lymphoma

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11
Q

what is cyclophosphamide used to treat in dogs

A

lymphoma
malignant mammary gland tumors

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12
Q

what are the adverse effects shared by chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide

A

GI toxicity in cats
alopecia
myelosuppression
neutropenia
thrombocytopenia

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13
Q

what nitrogen mustard is used as a rescue drug to treat relapsed lymphoma dogs

A

melphalan

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14
Q

what is the adverse effect of melphalan

A

delayed thrombocytopenia

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15
Q

which nitrosoureas drug crosses the blood brain barrier

A

lomustine

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16
Q

what are the adverse effects of lomustine

A

bone marrow depression
hepatotoxicity

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17
Q

what is the main use of lomustine due to its ability to cross the blood brain barrier

A

brain tumors

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18
Q

other than brain tumors, what else can lomustine be used for

A

histiocytic sarcomas
mast cells
epitheliotropic and refractory lymphomas

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19
Q

which drugs are platinum compounds

A

cisplatin
carboplatin

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20
Q

what is downfall of the platinum compounds

A

resistance to the drugs can occur through inactivation and increased repair

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21
Q

how are the platinum compounds administered

A

IV

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22
Q

which platinum compound is combined with doxorubicin

A

carbplatin

23
Q

which platinum compound is used for squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcomas, transitional cell carinomas and nasal adenocarcinomas

A

cisplatin

24
Q

what is carboplatin used for

A

canine appendicular osteosarcoma
carcinomas

25
Q

in general what are the platinum compounds used for

A

carcinomas

26
Q

what are some concerns to be aware of when administering cisplatin

A

nephrotoxicity
emesis
do not used in cats

27
Q

what are some concerns to be aware of when administering carboplatin

A

myelosuppression
less nephrotoxicity and emesis

28
Q

which drugs can be used to treat intracranial lymphomas and lymphoma and leukemia in combination

A

cytarabine

29
Q

what can be combined with cytarabine to treat meningoencephalitis

A

prednisolone

30
Q

how is cytarabine administered

A

SQ
CRI

31
Q

what are the adverse effects of cytarabine

A

myelopsuppression
GI upset

32
Q

which drug should be used to treat sarcoid in horses and spindle cell tumors in dogs

A

5-fluorouracil

33
Q

how is 5-fluorouracil administered

A

local
topical

34
Q

how does 5-fluorouracil affect dogs

A

myelosuppression
GI toxicity
neurotoxicity

35
Q

in what species should 5-fluroruracil not be used in

A

cats

36
Q

which drug can see resistance due to upregulation of MDR1

A

doxorubucin
mitoxantrone

37
Q

how is doxorubucin administered

A

IV only

38
Q

which drug is considered broad spectrum

A

doxorubicin

39
Q

what dog breeds are contraindicated with doxorubicin due to worse cardiotoxicity

A

dobermans
boxers

40
Q

what are the adverse effects of doxorubucin

A

myelosuppression
GI toxicity
cardiotoxicity
severe tissue necrosis
renal tubular damage in cats
acute anaphylaxis

41
Q

what can be combine with doxorubicin

A

carboplatin

42
Q

which drug is used for lymphomas
leukemias and transitional cell carcinoma of bladder

A

mitoxantrone

43
Q

which cytotoxic antibiotic should not be used with radiotherapy

A

doxorubicin
mitoxantrone

44
Q

why is mitoxantrone a better cytotoxic antibiotic

A

no cardiotoxicity or tissue necrosis

45
Q

which drugs are plant derivatives

A

vincristine
vinbalstine
paclitaxel

46
Q

which drugs see resisitance due to tubulin binding

A

vincristine
vinblastine

47
Q

what is vinblastine used for in dogs

A

mast cell tumors

48
Q

what is vincristine used for

A

lymphoma
TVT

49
Q

what drugs cross resist with vincristine and vinblastine

A

doxorubicin
mitoxantrone

50
Q

what is paclitaxel used for

A

osteosarcomas
mammary carcinomas
malignant histiocytomas

51
Q

which antineoplastic drug has a rapidly developing resistance

A

L-asparaginase

52
Q

what is L-asaparaginase used for

A

lymphoid malignancies

53
Q

which drug is used for anal sac adenocarcinomas

A

toceranib

Pharmacology 2 (11 decks)

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