Animal Transport System Pathway of Blood

Question 1

Double Circulation

Answer 1

The circulatory system is a double circulation where the blood flows twice through the heart for each complete circuit. This is because the lungs have a separate circulation from the rest of the body.

Question 2

Heart chambers

Answer 2

There are two atria

• The right atrium (RA)
• The left atrium (LA)
There are two ventricles

• The left ventricle (LV)
• The right ventricle (RV)

Question 3

Blood vessels

Answer 3

Vena cava, carries deoxygenated blood from body to heart.
Aorta, carries oxygenated blood from heart to body.
Pulmonary vein, carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.
Pulmonary artery, carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs.
Coronary artery- carries oxygenated blood blood from heart to the hearts thick muscular walls that pump blood around the body.

Question 4

Direction of blood flow starting with Right Atrium.

Answer 4

Deoxygenated blood in right atrium travels into right ventricle, this blood then flows from the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery to the blood to become oxygenated, this oxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the left atrium through the pulmonary vein, this now oxygenated blood flows into the left ventricle, this blood flows from the left ventricle to the rest of the body through the aorta, and this blood the returns to the right atrium through the vena cava.

Question 5

Why the muscle thicker on the outside of the left ventricle than the right ventricle.

Answer 5

This is because the left ventricle must transport blood around the entire body rather than just to the lungs as the right ventricle does. So therefore it must have more muscle.

Question 6

Valves

Answer 6

Prevents the back flow of blood, they are present between heart chambers and from the chambers into the arteries.
They are also present in the veins.

Question 7

Blood vessels - arteries

Answer 7

Function - carries blood away from the heart.

Features - thick muscular wall, narrow channel, has a pulse, blood is carried at a high pressure.

Question 8

Blood vessels - veins

Answer 8

Function - carry blood towards the heart.
Features - Thin muscular walls, wide channel, no pulse, blood at low pressure and many valves to prevent the back flow of blood.

Question 9

Blood vessels - capillaries

Answer 9

Function - carry blood through tissues and organs. Exchange of materials.
Features - wall only one cell thick.

Question 10

Connection between blood vessels.

Answer 10

• When artery reaches an organ it splits up into very narrow

capillaries.

• Capillaries form networks through the organ and cover a large surface area. They are also thin- walled which allows diffusion to easily take place.
• Capillaries join up into a vein to carry blood out of the organ.