Animal transport system - circulatory system

Question 1

Circulatory system composition

Answer 1

The heart, the blood vessels and blood.

Question 2

Circulatory transport transports -

Answer 2

Nutrients - from where they enter the body to where they are needed (glucose, oxygen amino acids etc.)
Wastes - from where they are produced to where the are excreted (urea, carbon dioxide)
Hormones - so that different areas of the body can communicate eg ADH, insulin.
Heat so that all areas of the body are kept close to the optimum temperature of 37oC.

Question 3

Composition of blood

Answer 3

• Plasma (55%)
• Blood cells (45%) of which there are three types

o Platelets which are tiny cell fragments involved in clotting

o Red blood cells

o White blood cells

Question 4

Red blood cells

Answer 4

• Transport oxygen
• are filled with the red pigment Haemoglobin.
• Biconcave in shape and have no nucleus
• Haemoglobin combines with oxygen to form oxy-haemoglobin. When the red blood cell then reach their target organ the oxy- haemoglobin releases the oxygen.

Question 5

White blood cells

Answer 5

• Are part of the immune system involved in destroying pathogens.
• Phagocytes – carry out phagocytosis (engulf pathogens).
• Lymphocytes – produce antibodies used to destroy pathogens. Each antibody is specific to a pathogen.