Anatomy - Thyroid Flashcards
the thyroid gland usually consists of _ lateral lobes and an _______
the thyroid gland usually consists of 2 lateral lobes and an isthmus
the isthmus lies anterior to which rings of the trachea?
2nd and 3rd
a lump in the thyroid gland will move _________ then _________ with the larynx during swallowing
a lump in the thyroid gland will move SUPERIORLY then INFERIORLY with the larynx during swallowing
how many parathyroid glands are there?
4
where are the 4 parathyroid glands located?
posterior surfaces of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland
28 – 55% prevalence (mean 44.6%)
most commonly originates from the
left lateral lobe
9.2% are not connected to the main thyroid gland
most attach superiorly to thyroid cartilage
may extend as far superiorly as the hyoid bone
name the anatomical difference
pyramidal lobe
where does the thyroid gland begin its development in embryology?
junction between the anterior 2/3rds and the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue
the thyroid gland is attached to the tongue via what?
the thyroglossal duct
at what vertebral level is the thyroid gland at?
C7
name the sheet like muscle of the neck
platysma
platysma innervation?
CN VII
name the fascia that encloses the following components:
Vagus nerves
Deep cervical lymph nodes
Carotid arteries
Internal jugular vein
2 carotid sheaths
name the fascia that encloses the following components:
Postural neck muscles
Cervical vertebrae
prevertebral (deep) fascia
name the fascia that encloses the following components:
Oesophagus Trachea Thyroid gland Strap muscles Recurrent laryngeal nerves
pretracheal fascia
name the fascia that encloses the following components:
Encloses all the other neck fascial
compartments encloses 2 pairs of muscles:
Trapezius
Sternocleidomastoid
investing fascia
sternocleidomastoid innervation?
CN XI
trapezius innervation?
CN XI
what does trapezium attach to inferiorly?
spine of scapula and lateral head of clavicle
name the 2 heads of sternocleidomastoid
sternal head and clavicular head
the external jugular vein drains into what?
subclavian vein
the anterior jugular vein drains into what?
external jugular vein
name the inferior attachments:
sternal head
clavicular head
sternal head - manubrium
clavicular head - medial end of clavicle
both attach to mastoid process of temporal bone
what nerve is within the carotid sheath?
vagus (CN X)
name the blood supply to the thyroid and parathyroid glands (5)
left and right superior thyroid arteries
left and right inferior thyroid arteries
thyroid ima artery
name the venous drainage of the thyroid and parathyroid glands (6)
left and right superior thyroid veins
left and right middle thyroid veins
left and right inferior thyroid veins
name the 2 tracheal lymph nodes
pretracheal node
paratracheal nodes
CN X:
branch of the medulla _________
exit skull via ________ _______
descend in the _______ ______
decent through the _____ posterior to the lung ______ and on the __________
pass through the ___________ with the ___________
divide into their terminal branches on ________ and abdominal organs with ________________ axons to _______ midgut
CN X:
branch of the medulla OBLONGATA
exit skull via JUGULAR FORAMEN
descend in the CAROTID SHEATH
decent through the CHEST posterior to the lung HILUM and on the OESOPHAGUS
pass through the DIAPHRAGM with the OESOPHAGUS
divide into their terminal branches on STOMACH and abdominal organs with PARASYMPATHETIC axons to DISTAL midgut
which recurrent laryngeal nerve recurs under the arch of aorta and which secures under the subclavian artery?
left - arch of aorta
right - subclavian artery
name the strap muscles
sternothyroid muscle
thyrohyoid muscle
omohyoid - sup. and inf. belly (omo = shoulder) goes through sling
in a classical thyroidectomy, what is the incision called and what is it in the direction of?
‘collar’ incision in direction of Langer’s lines
incision through skin and platysma
