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Vinyasa Yoga Teacher Training > Anatomy - Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous System > Flashcards

Anatomy - Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

5 main functions of skeletal system

A
  1. Protection: skull & ribs
  2. Storage of minerals: calcium, salts, phosphorus
  3. Red blood cell production: carry oxygen & transport CO2 to lungs for exhaling
  4. Structure: framework that muscles attach to
  5. Movement: muscles contract or release, creating movement of bones
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2
Q

Bones

A
  • body’s reservoir for calcium
  • dynamic living tissue, ever-changing
  • yoga helps to maintain bone density
  • variety of sizes and shapes
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3
Q

Ligaments

A
  • bind bone to bone
  • stronger, stabilize joint while allowing for movement
  • larger collagen content than tendons
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4
Q

Tendons

A
  • bind muscle to bone
  • more flexibility & pliability
  • larger elastin content than ligaments
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5
Q

Tensegrity

A

Net of continuous tension that creates stability without direct contact (bones connect via soft tissue).

If the tension network becomes weak = cannot support = tension/compensation elsewhere.

Like a trampoline.

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6
Q

Fascia

A
  • One continuous interconnected system that exists from head to toe (like a bodysuit)
  • made up of elastin & collagen
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7
Q

Two main functions of fascia

A
  1. Connection: attach, separate, support organs, fill space, communication, force transmission
  2. Protection: enclose, store fat, fight infections, insulate
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8
Q

Joints

A
  • junctions where two bones meet
  • 360 joints in human body
  • shape of the joint reflects their function
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9
Q

Yoga & joints

A
  • low impact vs. high impact exercise
  • minimal damage to cartilage
  • increase in range of motion (ROM)
  • less strain on joints due to stronger muscles
  • helps to circulate synovial fluid: less friction in joints
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10
Q

Body’s control center and communication network

A

Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves

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11
Q

Structure of the nervous system

A 
Central nervous system (CNS)
> brain
> spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) 
> somatic nervous system
> autonomic nervous system
- sympathetic nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
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12
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Rest and digest

conserves energy, maintains quiet state

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13
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Flight, fight or freeze.

mobilizes body for action, energy output

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14
Q

Muscular system: ‘personal signature’ of movement

A
  • genetics: loose/tight CT, bone shape
  • prior activities: sports
  • modeling: physical & mental patterns picked up from parents
  • prior injuries: trauma, accidents, tension
  • spiritual/karma: past lives
  • yoga & facilitated pathway: repetition to create a new habit
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15
Q

Amount of muscles in human body

A

640

And 100.000 muscles cells act together causing movement

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16
Q

Agonist muscle

A

Prime mover & contracting muscle that causes the movement

17
Q

Antagonist muscle

A

Muscle that relaxes to allow movement to occur

18
Q

Synergistic muscle

A

Muscles that help to stabilize the joint

19
Q

State of muscles

A

Contracted
Relaxed
Stretched

20
Q

3 main functions of the Nervous System (NS)

A

Sensory: sensory input
Integration: information processing
Motor: motor output

21
Q

How movement happens

A

NS gives a signal
> muscle contracts
> CT holds the muscle in tone and connects it to the bone
> skeleton moves

22
Q

Varying degrees of mobility of the joints

A

Functional range
Hyper mobile
Hypo mobile

23
Q

Principles of stretching muscles

A
  1. Static stretching (active & passive)
  2. Facilitated stretching
  3. Dynamic stretching
24
Q

Yoga & Nervous System

A

Breath: different methods of breathing affect autonomic nervous system

Asana: stimulate sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous system

Meditation: stimulates parasympathetic nervous system

25
Q

Facilitated stretching

A

contracting target muscle for 3-5 seconds & relaxing after, multiple repetitions

26
Q

Dynamic stretching

A

repetitive moments, like side-bending

27
Q

Static stretching

A

a. Active static stretching: contracting opposing muscle of the target muscle, then relaxing & deepening stretch in target muscle
b. Passive static stretching: yin

28
Q

4 movers of the body

A
  • nervous system (NS)
  • muscular system
  • connective tissue (CT)
  • skeletal system
29
Q

Types of joints

A
  • plane joint
  • hinge joint
  • ball-and-socket joint
  • saddle joint
  • pivot joint
  • ellipsoid joint
30
Q

Central Nervous System

A

processes, interprets, stores information, issues orders to muscles, glands, organs

31
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

transmits information to and from the CNS

32
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

regulates glands, blood vessels, internal organs

33
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

controls skeletal muscles

Vinyasa Yoga Teacher Training (18 decks)

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