ANATOMY lower limb - 3rd year revision Flashcards
where is the great saphenous vein in relation to medial patella
one hand width away (medially/posteriorly)
is a visible palpable swelling more likely to be a venous problem or arterial problem
venous - bc arteries are deep!
which is more posterior medial (as opposed to posterior central);
great saphenous vein
popliteal artery
great saphenous vein
popliteal artery - centrally posterior
in compartment syndrome, muscles are maximally painful on stretching, if maximally painful when tibial nerve being tested, which compartment is affected
tibial nerve = contraction of posterior leg compartment
contraction of posterior leg = stretching of anterior leg
so anterior leg
what movement does lateral leg compartment do
eversion of foot
plantarflexion of ankle
which nerve supplies lateral leg muscles
superficial fibular nerve (branch of sciatic)
what movement does anterior leg compartment do
dorsiflexion of foot
extension of toe
which nerve supplies anterior leg muscles
deep fibular nerve (branch of sciatic)
what movement does posterior leg compartment do
plantarflexion of foot
plantarflexion of toes
which nerve supplies posterior leg muscles
tibial nerve (comes form sciatic)
what movement does anterior thigh compartment do
hip flexion
knee extension
which nerve supplies anterior thigh muscles
femoral nerve L2-4
what movement does posterior thigh compartment do
knee flexion
hip extension
which nerve supplies posterior thigh muscles
sciatic nerve (tibial nerve branch)
what movement does medial thigh compartment do
aDDuction of hip
which nerve supplies medial thigh muscles
obturator nerve
what movement does gluteus maximus do
hip extension
which nerve supplies the gluteal muscles
inferior gluteal nerve
what movement does glutes medius and minimus do
abduct and medially rotate thigh
which nerve supplies gluteus medius and minimis
superior gluteal nerve
abduction of thigh muscle
gluteus medius and minimus
medial rotation of thigh
gluteus medius and minimus
lateral rotation of thigh
deep gluteal muscles (eg piriformis)
what group of muscles does the piriformis belong
deep gluteal muscles
nerve supply of deep gluteal muscles
sacral plexus
which nerve winds round the neck of the fibula
common fibular nerve
common fibular nerve damage presentation
foot drop
foot drop
common fibular nerve damage
which nerve is knee jerk testing
femoral L2-4
L3=knee
femoral nerve supplies anterior thigh = knee extension
what group of muscles does the sartorius belong
anterior thigh
what group of muscles does the pectineus belong
anterior thigh
what group of muscles does the iliopsoas belong
anterior thigh
what group of muscles does the adductor muscles belong
medial thigh = adduction of hip
what group of muscles does the hamstrings belong
posterior thigh
what group of muscles does the semitendonous belong
posterior thigh
what group of muscles does the semimembranous belong
posterior thigh
what group of muscles does the biceps femoris belong
posterior thigh
what group of muscles does the gastrocnemius belong
posterior leg
what group of muscles does the soleus belong
posterior leg
what group of muscles does the fibularis logus and fibularis brevis belong
lateral leg
which nerve supplies the muscles of the dorsum of the foot
deep fibular - same as anterior leg
which nerve supplies the muscles of the sole of the foot
tibial - same as posterior leg
which artery is the dorsalis pedis a continuation of
anterior tibial
what 2 arteries does the popliteal artery give rise to
anterior tibial
posterior tibial
main hip flexor muscle
iliopsoas - in anterior thigh
specifically which nerve (not just nerve roots) is tested in ankle jerk
tibial nerve S1-2
supplies posterior leg
‘goes over ankle’ whilst running
anterior talofibular ligament rupture
‘goes over ankle’ whilst standing still (not moving forward)
calcaneofibular ligament rupture (most lateral)
what is the thickest (hence hardest to rupture) ligament in the ankle
deltoid ligament
loss of sensation in first web space only, which nerve is affected
deep fibular nerve
NOT L5 - bc L5 supplies more than just the first web space
muscle weakness presentation of sciatica (think out it)
sciatic nerve affected = common fibular and tibial affected (entire leg (calf) and posterior thigh
any movements of ankle (as supplied by leg muscles) knee flexion (as supplied by posterior thigh muscles)
fracture of neck of fibula
common fibular nerve
