Anatomy Lecture 36_Lower Limb Joint Mechanics Flashcards
What is the Angle of inclination?
It is the angle defined by the axis of the femoral head and neck and the axis of the shaft of the femur.
What happens to the angle of inclination as we age. give 3 examples
It decreases. It is typically about 135 degrees in young children, 126 degrees in adults, and 120 degrees in old age
What is Coxa vara & Coxa valga
low angle of inclination and high angle of inclination respectivly
What defines the Angle of torsion?
angle between the axis of the femoral head and the transverse plane of the femoral condyle
What defines the Angle of Wiberg?
Axis of the acetabulum & femoral head
What are the three hip ligaments?
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral
What is the function of the Iliofemoral ligament
• Limits Extension
What is the function of the Pubofemoral ligament
Limits Hyper-Abduction
Which hip ligament is the weakest?
Ischiofemoral
What are the 5 Extra-capsular ligaments?
- Patellar ligament
- Fibular collateral (LCL)
- Tibial collateral (MCL)
- Oblique popliteal
- Arcuate popliteal
What are the 3 Articular ligaments
- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
- Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
- Menisci
What 3 things does the ACL limit?
- posterior rolling during flexion
- posterior displacement of femur
- hyperextension of knee
What 2 things does the PCL limit?
- anterior rolling during extension
* anterior displacement of femur
What kind of a joint is the talocalcaneal? What motion does it allow?
- Weak, single plane joint
* Inversion & eversion
What kind of joint is the Talocrural? What action does it allow?
- Hinge joint
* Dorsiflexion & plantar flexion
