Anatomy Lecture 25_Abdominal Organs 2

Question 1

What are the 6 organs of the midgut?

Answer 1

• Distal duodenum (major duodenal papilla) • Jejunum • Ileum • Cecum • Ascending colon • 2/3 Transverse colon

Question 2

What are the 5 organs of the hind gut

Answer 2

• Distal 1/3 Transverse colon • Descending colon • Sigmoid colon • Rectum • Superior anal canal

Question 3

What are Plicae circulares?

Answer 3

Question 4

Where is the Jejunum typically located?

Answer 4

Left upper quadrant

Question 5

Where is the Ileum typically located

Answer 5

Right lower quadrant

Question 6

What are Teniae coli

Answer 6

They are the three 3 bands of smooth
muscles that suround the large intestine

Question 7

What are Haustra?

Answer 7

Question 8

What is the Cecum?

Answer 8

It is the sac that the ilium dumps its contents into. It is the first part of the large intestine. It is seperated from the ilium by a flap valve called the iliocecal valve. The valve protects the small intestine from the bacteria of the large intestine.

Question 9

Where is the Appendix

Answer 9

It is just a little guy coming off the cecum. It typically has a Retrocecal position

Question 10

What causes Appendicitis

Answer 10

Fussion of the Appendix to the peritonium can increase the probabiliy of appendicitis

Question 11

What are the 5 branches of the superior mesinteric artery?

Answer 11

• Inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.
• Jejunal and ileal branches
• Middle colic a.
• Right colic a.
• Ileocolic a.

Question 12

What is supplied by the first 3 branches of the SMA?

Answer 12

Question 13

What is supplied by the last 2 branches of the SMA?

Answer 13

Question 14

What are the three main branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer 14

Question 15

What is supplied by the three branches of the IMA

Answer 15

Question 16

Where does ischemia typically occure in the small intestine?

Answer 16

In locations supplied by branches of the SMA. This is a result of the angle of the SMA off the aorta. It is easier for emboli to exit the SMA and then lodge in the vase recta of the ilium.

Question 17

What is Diverticulosis? What can it cause?

Answer 17

Question 18

What are two types of inflamitory bowl disease? What can they lead to?

Answer 18

Look at the pictures. IBDs can lead to colorectal cancer

Question 19

What is the route of matastisis of colorectal cancer?

Answer 19

Areas drained by the superior rectal vein go to the liver via the hepatic portal. Areas drained by the middle and inferior rectal veins go to the lungs via the caval system

Question 20

What is a Cholecysto-enteric fistula?

Answer 20

When inflammed the gallblader may develop adhesions with adjacent viscera. This can lead to ulceration and gallstones can then enter the adjacent structure. This is most common with the duodenum and transverse colon. When a gallstone is lodged at the iliocecal valve, it can become inflamed and cause a condition called Gallstone ileus

Question 21

Describe the innervation of the midgut

Answer 21

Sympathetic
• Pre-synaptic fibers T10-T12 enter sympathetic chain
• Do NOT synapse; Exit chain as lesser (T10-T11) & least (T12) splanchnic nerves
• Synapse with superior mesenteric ganglion
• Post-synaptic fibers travel to organs via plexuses surrounding arterial branches that supply those organs
Parasympathetic
• Vagus nerve (CN X)

Question 22

Describe the innervation of the hindgut

Answer 22

Question 23

Review the innervation diagrame

Answer 23

Question 24

What is Hirschsprung’s Disease

Answer 24