Anatomy Lecture 25_Abdominal Organs 2 Flashcards
What are the 6 organs of the midgut?
• Distal duodenum (major duodenal papilla) • Jejunum • Ileum • Cecum • Ascending colon • 2/3 Transverse colon
What are the 5 organs of the hind gut
• Distal 1/3 Transverse colon • Descending colon • Sigmoid colon • Rectum • Superior anal canal
What are Plicae circulares?
Where is the Jejunum typically located?
Left upper quadrant
Where is the Ileum typically located
Right lower quadrant
What are Teniae coli
They are the three 3 bands of smooth
muscles that suround the large intestine
What are Haustra?
What is the Cecum?
It is the sac that the ilium dumps its contents into. It is the first part of the large intestine. It is seperated from the ilium by a flap valve called the iliocecal valve. The valve protects the small intestine from the bacteria of the large intestine.
Where is the Appendix
It is just a little guy coming off the cecum. It typically has a Retrocecal position
What causes Appendicitis
Fussion of the Appendix to the peritonium can increase the probabiliy of appendicitis
What are the 5 branches of the superior mesinteric artery?
- Inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.
- Jejunal and ileal branches
- Middle colic a.
- Right colic a.
- Ileocolic a.
What is supplied by the first 3 branches of the SMA?
What is supplied by the last 2 branches of the SMA?
What are the three main branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
What is supplied by the three branches of the IMA
Where does ischemia typically occure in the small intestine?
In locations supplied by branches of the SMA. This is a result of the angle of the SMA off the aorta. It is easier for emboli to exit the SMA and then lodge in the vase recta of the ilium.
What is Diverticulosis? What can it cause?
What are two types of inflamitory bowl disease? What can they lead to?
Look at the pictures. IBDs can lead to colorectal cancer
What is the route of matastisis of colorectal cancer?
Areas drained by the superior rectal vein go to the liver via the hepatic portal. Areas drained by the middle and inferior rectal veins go to the lungs via the caval system
What is a Cholecysto-enteric fistula?
When inflammed the gallblader may develop adhesions with adjacent viscera. This can lead to ulceration and gallstones can then enter the adjacent structure. This is most common with the duodenum and transverse colon. When a gallstone is lodged at the iliocecal valve, it can become inflamed and cause a condition called Gallstone ileus
Describe the innervation of the midgut
Sympathetic
• Pre-synaptic fibers T10-T12 enter sympathetic chain
• Do NOT synapse; Exit chain as lesser (T10-T11) & least (T12) splanchnic nerves
• Synapse with superior mesenteric ganglion
• Post-synaptic fibers travel to organs via plexuses surrounding arterial branches that supply those organs
Parasympathetic
• Vagus nerve (CN X)
Describe the innervation of the hindgut
Review the innervation diagrame
What is Hirschsprung’s Disease
