Anatomy Lecture 32_Reproductive System Development

Question 1

What causes the sexulization of the indifferent gonads?

Answer 1

The SRY gene (a gene on the Y chromosome) produces a protein called testis-determining factor (TDF). Without TDF the gonads will become overies

Question 2

In males, what does the mesonephric duct turn into?

Answer 2

The efferent tubules, the epididimus, the vas deferens, the seminal vesical, and the ejaculatory duct.

Question 3

In women, what does the mesonephric duct turn into?

Answer 3

Nothing. Without testostron it goes away.

Question 4

In women, what does the paramesonephric duct turn into?

Answer 4

The fallopian tubes, uterus, the cervix, and the top third of the vagina

Question 5

In men, what does the paramesonephric duct turn into

Answer 5

Nothing. It disolves in the presence of anti mullerian hormone.

Question 6

What does the Bulbourethral glands arise from?

Answer 6

spongy part of urethra (phallic part of urogenital sinus)

Question 7

What does the prostrate arise from?

Answer 7

Arises from multiple endodermal outgrowths from prostatic part of urethra (pelvic part of urogenital sinus)

Question 8

In women, what can a vestigial remnant of the mesonephric duct cause?

Answer 8

A gartner cyst

Question 9

What forms the Urethral and paraurethral glands

Answer 9

The Urethral and paraurethral glands are formed from outgrowths of urethra (pelvic part of urogenital sinus) These are homologus to the prostate in men

Question 10

What forms the form the greater vestibular glands in the lower third of the labia majora

Answer 10

Outgrowths of urogenital sinus (possibly phallic part)

Question 11

What is the genital tubercle

Answer 11

primordium of penis or clitoris

Question 12

What are the urethral folds?

Answer 12

primordium of ventral aspect of penis and penile raphe and labia minora)

Question 13

What are the genital/labioscrotal swellings

Answer 13

primordium of scrotum and labia majora and mons pubis

Question 14

What is Androgen Insensitivity?

Answer 14

Resistance to the action of testosterone at cellular level leads to individules that are phenotypically female but genetically male. They typically have underdeveloped abdominal testies and no uterus/overies thus do not menstrate. It is the lack of menstration that typically indicates androgen insensitivity.

Question 15

What is Hypospadias? What causes it? What are the 4 main types?

Answer 15

The urethra opens on ventral surface of penis. it results from failure of fusion of urethral folds or labioscrotalfolds The 4 main types are:

• Glanular
• Penile
• Penoscrotal
• Perineal (scrotal)

Question 16

What is Epispadias? What causes it?

Answer 16

Urethra opens on dorsal surface of penis. Results from improper location (more dorsal) of genital tubercle relative to urogenital sinus; urogenital membrane breaks open on dorsal surface instead of ventral

Question 17

In women, Urethral folds develop into what structure

Answer 17

labia minora

Question 18

In women, what does the Urogenital groove from?

Answer 18

vestibule of the vagina

Question 19

What is Cryptorchidism

Answer 19

it is failure of testies to descend into the scrotum