Anatomy Lecture 24_Abdominal Organs 1 Flashcards
Describe Parasympathetic inervation of the foregut.
Vagus nerve (CN X)!
Where is the Pancreas relative to the Duodenum? What are the 5 main parts of the pancreas? Where is the uncinate process relative to the superior mesenteric vessels?
The uncinate process passes posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels
Do you know how to draw the branches of the celiac trunk?
If not, review Dr. Child’s drawing
What are the 4 parts of the Duodenum?
see attached
Describe sympathetic innervation of the foregut
- Pre-synaptic fibers T5-T9 enter sympathetic chain
- Do NOT synpase; Exit chain as greater splanchnic nerves
- Synapse in the with celiac ganglion
- Post-synaptic fibers travel to organs
How is Pyloric Stenosis diagnosed? What does it cause?
It causes projectile vomiting (vomit does not have bile becasue stenosis occures upstream of the duodnum). It is dignosed with the single bubble sign (see attached)
What is the Major and Minor duodenal papilla? Where is it located?
See attached
What structures are in the Right and left sagittal fissures and the Portal hepatis?
See attached
When the Hepatic Portal Vein is blocked, what are the common anastemosies?
see attached
What is a gastric ulcer and why does it matter?
Bacteria can break down the mucosa of the stomach. This leaves the underlying tissue vunerable to gastric juices. The errosion caused by gastric juice and digestive enzymes is called a gastric ulcer. If erosion completly comprimises the tissue of the stomach, erosion of the nearby vasculature can occure. This can result in a leathal hemorage.
What are the two types of Hiatal Hernia
see attached
Notice that in a Para-esophageal hiatal hernia the z line is in the same location. This is the reason there is little acid reflux
What is the Z-line
It marks the transition in epithilium type between the esophagus and the stomach. This transition is important because the epithilium of the esophagus cannot resist the acidic contents of the stomach.
what are the three functions of the Esophagogastric junction
• Functions as external physiological sphincter when diaphragm contracts • Food temporarily stops here before entering stomach • Helps prevent gastric reflux into esophagus
What is Duodenal Atresia? How is it diagnosed? What population is more prone to it?
It is Closure of duodenojejunal junction. It is diagnosed by the “double bubble” sign (see attached). Kids with down syndrome are the most prone to it.
What are the 4 parts of the stomach?
See attached
