Anatomy - Introduction to Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Name the cranial nerves.

Answer 1

I - Olfactory 
II - Optic 
III - Oculomotor
IV - Trochlear
V - Trigeminal
VI - Abducens 
VII - Facial 
VIII - Vestibulocochlear 
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus 
XI - Accessory 
XII - Hypoglossal

Question 2

Which nerve comes from the dorsal root of the spinal cord?

Answer 2

Trochlear (IV - nerve 4)

Question 3

Name the nerves not associated with the brainstem.

Answer 3

Olfactory (I) and Optic (II)

Question 4

Name the nerves of the midbrain.

Answer 4

Oculomotor (III) Trochlear (IV)

Question 5

Name the nerves associated with the pons.

Answer 5

Trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Facial (VII)
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

Question 6

Name the nerves of the medulla.

Answer 6

Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Accessory (XI)
Hypoglossal (XII)

Question 7

Where does the hypoglossal nerve lie?

Answer 7

Between the medulla and olive

Question 8

What is the difference between cranial nerves and brainstem nuclei?

Answer 8

Cranial nerves go to particular areas and may carry fibres that have more than one function
Brainstem nuclei consist of cell bodies with one function, may contribute fibres to a number of nerves going to different areas.
NERVES = a common location, different functions
NUCLEI = common function

Question 9

How many cranial nerves are in the brainstem?

Answer 9

10

Question 10

How many brainstem nuclei are present?

Answer 10

15 brainstem nuclei

Question 11

Name the 15 brainstem nuclei.

Answer 11

Oculomotor 
Edinger westphal 
Trochlear 
Trigeminal motor 
Sensory trigeminal nuclear complex 
Abducens
Facial 
Superior salivatory
Inferior salivatory 
Vestibulocochlear 
Hypoglossal
Nucleus ambiguus 
Dorsal motor of vagus
Nucleus of the solitary tract 
Spinal accessory

Question 12

What is the function of the sulcus limitans?

Answer 12

Separates the alar lamina (sensory) from the basal lamina (motor)

Question 13

Which nuclei shift during development and how?

Answer 13

Branchial motor and general somatic sensory shift ventrally

Question 14

Name the cranial nerves responsible for eye movements.

Answer 14

III - oculomotor
IV - trochlear
VI - abducens

Question 15

What is the function of cranial nerve XIII (hypoglossal)

Answer 15

Tongue movement

Question 16

Which cranial nerves innervate skeletal muscles for mastication?

Answer 16

V - trigeminal

Question 17

Which cranial nerve innervates muscle for facial expression?

Answer 17

VII - facial nerve

Question 18

Which cranial nerves innervate muscles of the throat/larynx?

Answer 18

IX - glossopharyngeal and X - vagus

Question 19

Which cranial nerve innervates the sternomastoid/trapezius muscles?

Answer 19

Spinal XI (acessory)

Question 20

Which nerve is responsible for pupil constriction?

Answer 20

III - oculomotor

Question 21

Which nerves are responsible for the salivary glands?

Answer 21

VII (facial) and IX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 22

Which nerve innervates the abdominal viscera?

Answer 22

X - vagus nerve

Question 23

Which nerves are responsible for taste of the tongue and epiglottis?

Answer 23

Tongue - VII and IX (facial and glossopharyngeal)

Epiglottis - X (vagus)

Question 24

Which nerve is responsible for vestibular/auditory somatic afferent?

Answer 24

VIII - vesitbulocochlear

Question 25

Which nerves are responsible for somatic sensation of the face?

Answer 25

V - vagus and VII - facial

Question 26

Which nerves are responsible for somatic sensation of the mouth, pharynx and larynx?

Answer 26

Mouth - VII (facial)
Pharynx: IX (glossopharyngeal)
Larynx: V (vagus), glossopharyngeal

Question 27

Name the purely somatic motor nerves.

Answer 27

Nerve 4, 6 and 12

Note 3 comes from two columns

Question 28

Name the pure sensory cranial nerves.

Answer 28

Nerves 1, 2 and 8

Question 29

What are the nerves called which are not purely motor or sensory?

Answer 29

Mixed