Anatomy - Introduction to Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Name the cranial nerves.
I - Olfactory II - Optic III - Oculomotor IV - Trochlear V - Trigeminal VI - Abducens VII - Facial VIII - Vestibulocochlear IX - Glossopharyngeal X - Vagus XI - Accessory XII - Hypoglossal
Which nerve comes from the dorsal root of the spinal cord?
Trochlear (IV - nerve 4)
Name the nerves not associated with the brainstem.
Olfactory (I) and Optic (II)
Name the nerves of the midbrain.
Oculomotor (III) Trochlear (IV)
Name the nerves associated with the pons.
Trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Facial (VII)
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
Name the nerves of the medulla.
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Accessory (XI)
Hypoglossal (XII)
Where does the hypoglossal nerve lie?
Between the medulla and olive
What is the difference between cranial nerves and brainstem nuclei?
Cranial nerves go to particular areas and may carry fibres that have more than one function
Brainstem nuclei consist of cell bodies with one function, may contribute fibres to a number of nerves going to different areas.
NERVES = a common location, different functions
NUCLEI = common function
How many cranial nerves are in the brainstem?
10
How many brainstem nuclei are present?
15 brainstem nuclei
Name the 15 brainstem nuclei.
Oculomotor Edinger westphal Trochlear Trigeminal motor Sensory trigeminal nuclear complex Abducens Facial Superior salivatory Inferior salivatory Vestibulocochlear Hypoglossal Nucleus ambiguus Dorsal motor of vagus Nucleus of the solitary tract Spinal accessory
What is the function of the sulcus limitans?
Separates the alar lamina (sensory) from the basal lamina (motor)
Which nuclei shift during development and how?
Branchial motor and general somatic sensory shift ventrally
Name the cranial nerves responsible for eye movements.
III - oculomotor
IV - trochlear
VI - abducens
What is the function of cranial nerve XIII (hypoglossal)
Tongue movement
Which cranial nerves innervate skeletal muscles for mastication?
V - trigeminal
Which cranial nerve innervates muscle for facial expression?
VII - facial nerve
Which cranial nerves innervate muscles of the throat/larynx?
IX - glossopharyngeal and X - vagus
Which cranial nerve innervates the sternomastoid/trapezius muscles?
Spinal XI (acessory)
Which nerve is responsible for pupil constriction?
III - oculomotor
Which nerves are responsible for the salivary glands?
VII (facial) and IX (glossopharyngeal)
Which nerve innervates the abdominal viscera?
X - vagus nerve
Which nerves are responsible for taste of the tongue and epiglottis?
Tongue - VII and IX (facial and glossopharyngeal)
Epiglottis - X (vagus)
Which nerve is responsible for vestibular/auditory somatic afferent?
VIII - vesitbulocochlear
Which nerves are responsible for somatic sensation of the face?
V - vagus and VII - facial
Which nerves are responsible for somatic sensation of the mouth, pharynx and larynx?
Mouth - VII (facial)
Pharynx: IX (glossopharyngeal)
Larynx: V (vagus), glossopharyngeal
Name the purely somatic motor nerves.
Nerve 4, 6 and 12
Note 3 comes from two columns
Name the pure sensory cranial nerves.
Nerves 1, 2 and 8
What are the nerves called which are not purely motor or sensory?
Mixed
