ANATOMY - Hindlimb Nerve, Vascular and Lymph Supply

Question 1

Which spinal nerves make up the lumbosacral plexus?

Answer 1

L5, L6, L7, S1 and S2 spinal nerves

Question 2

Which four peripheral nerves emerge from the lumbosacral plexus to supply the muscles of the hindlimb?

Answer 2

Gluteal nerve
Obturator nerve
Femoral nerve
Sciatic nerve

Question 3

What are the two branches of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 3

Tibial branch
Fibular branch

Question 4

What is the function of the gluteal nerve?

Answer 4

Innervation of the gluteal muscle

Question 5

What is the function of the obturator nerve?

Answer 5

Innervation of the G.A.P.E muscles

Question 6

What often causes damage of the obturator nerve in isolation?

Answer 6

Postpartum downer cows often cause isolated damage to their obturator nerve

Question 7

What are the functions of the femoral nerve?

Answer 7

Innervation of the quadriceps, sartorius and iliopsoas muscle

Question 8

Which branch of the femoral nerve provides cutaneous sensation to the limb?

Answer 8

Saphenous branch of the femoral nerve

Question 9

Which nerve mediates the patellar reflex?

Answer 9

Saphenous branch of the femoral nerve

Question 10

What are the functions of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 10

Innervation of the biceps femoris, semitendonous and seminmembranous muscles

Question 11

What are the functions of the fibular branch of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 11

Innervation of the cranial tibial, peroneus and long digital extensor muscles

Question 12

What are the functions of the tibial branch of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 12

Innervation of the gastrocnemius, superficial digital flexor and deep digital flexor muscles

Question 13

Describe the organisation of the hindlimb arterial supply

Answer 13

The arterial supply for the hindlimb is one major artery that runs from the abdominal aorta to the hindlimb and the name of the artery changes depending on the region of the hindlimb

Question 14

What are the three main regions of hindlimb arterial supply?

Answer 14

External iliac artery
Femoral artery
Popliteal artery

Question 15

What are the two most clinically significant veins of the hindlimb?

Answer 15

Lateral saphenous vein
Medial saphenous vein

Question 16

Which hindlimb vein should you use for blood sampling and IV catheterisation in dogs?

Answer 16

Lateral saphenous vein

Question 17

Which hindlimb vein should you use for blood sampling and IV catheterisation in cats and horses?

Answer 17

Medial saphenous vein

Question 18

What are the three components of the femoral triangle?

Answer 18

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Saphenous branch of femoral nerve

Question 19

What is the cranial border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 19

Sartorius muscle is the cranial border of the femoral triangle

Question 20

What is the caudal border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 20

Pectineus muscle and adductor muscle are the caudal border of the femoral triangle

Question 21

What are the two clinically significant lymph nodes of the hindlimb?

Answer 21

Popliteal lymph node
Prefemoral lymph node

Question 22

Which lymph node of the hindlimb is palpable in small animals?

Answer 22

Popliteal lymph node

Question 23

Which lymph node of the hindlimb is palpable in large animals?

Answer 23

Prefemoral lymph node