Anatomy And Physiology Of The Body (muscles)

Question 1

What muscle types are there?

Answer 1

Smooth, skeletal and cardiac

Question 2

What are the functions of smooth muscles?

Answer 2

-involuntary muscle
-unconscious control
-located in the walls of stomach and blood vessels

Question 3

What are the functions of the skeletal muscles?

Answer 3

-striated muscles (striped)
-voluntary (under your conscious control)
-can get fatigued during exercise e.g bicep, tricep etc

Question 4

What are the functions of the cardiac muscles?

Answer 4

-only found in the walls of the heart
-unconscious control
-works continuously (does not fatigue)

Question 5

What are the 6 muscles studied on the front of the body (top to bottom)?

Answer 5

Deltoids, pectorals, bicep, abdominals, obliques( side of your body), quadriceps

Question 6

What are the 8 muscles studied on the back (top to bottom)?

Answer 6

Trapezius, erector spinae, tricep, latissimus Dorsi, gluteus maximus, hamstring, gastrocnemius, soleus(basically underneaths calf’s but above ankle)

Question 7

What is concentric contraction?

Answer 7

Occurs when a muscles shortens in length and develops tension as it contracts

Question 8

What is eccentric contraction?

Answer 8

Involves the development of tension whilst the muscles lengthens so muscles getting longer in length (lengthening) and develops tension as it lengthens

Question 9

What is isometric contraction?

Answer 9

The muscle contracts but does not shorten, giving no movement, helps stabilise the body So stays the same length and develops tension

Question 10

What are antagonistic muscles?

Answer 10

Agonist and antagonist

Question 11

What is a agonist muscle?

Answer 11

A prime mover

Question 12

What is a antagonist muscle?

Answer 12

Opposes movement

Question 13

How do the antagonistic muscle pairs work?

Answer 13

The antagonist and agonist muscles contract depending on which muscle is actively working.
To produce movement the agonist muscle will contract and the opposite muscles, the agonist will relax and lengthen

Question 14

What is type 1 muscle fibre force and speed of contraction and fatigue resistance?

Answer 14

-A low force of contraction.
-A slow speed of contraction.
-Have a high fatigue resistance.
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Used for activities with low intensity and long duration as it contracts

Question 15

What is a sport example of type 1 muscle fibres?

Answer 15

Marathon runner

Question 16

What force, speed and fatigue resistance is type 2a muscle fibres used for?

Answer 16

-Have a high force of contraction.
-have a fast speed of contraction.
-have a moderate fatigue resistance.
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Used for activities with moderate intensity and moderate duration as it contracts

Question 17

What is a sport example of type 2a muscle fibres?

Answer 17

400 metre runner

Question 18

What is the force, speed contractions and fatigue resistance of type 2b muscle fibres?

Answer 18

-have a high force of contraction.
-a fast speed of contraction.
-low fatigue resistance.
————————————————————
Used for activities with high intensity and short duration as it contracts.

Question 19

What’s a sport example of type 2b muscle fibres?

Answer 19

Shotput