Anatomy 2 Block 3: Interior of the Skull & Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What passes through the Foramen Cecum:
for emissary veins, valveless thus infection can pass through; also damage can yield subdural hematoma.
What passes through the Cribriform Foramina:
Passage of axons for olfactory nerves.
What passes through the Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal Foramina:
contains similarly named arteries and veins
What passes through the Optic Canal:
CN II and ophthalmic artery
In base of lesser wings of spheniod
What passes through the superior orbital fissure:
CN II, CN IV, CN V1, CN VI, ophthalmic veins
Found between greater and lesser wings of sphenoid
What passes throughout the foramen rotundum:
CN V2
What passes throughout the foramen oval:
CN V3, lesser petrosal nerve, accessory meningeal artery
What passes throughout the foramen spinosum:
Middle meningeal artery
What passes throughout the foramen lace rum:
for greater petrosal nerve, ascending pharyngeal artery, emissary veins
What passes throughout the carotid canal:
Internal carotid artery and nerve plexus
What passes throughout the Foramen Magnum:
brainstem/spinal cord, vertebral arteries, CN XI spinal root
What passes throughout the Internal Acoustic Meatus:
CN VII and VIII
What passes throughout the Jugular Foramen;
CN IX, CN X, CN XI, inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid sinus/superior bulb of internal jugular vein
What passes throughout the Hypoglossal Canal:
CN XII
CN I - Olfactory
Pass through cribriform plate
SA fibers for smell
CN II - Optic
Pass through optic canal
SA fibers for vision
CN III - Oculomotor
Pass through anterior edge of tentorium cerebella
Enters orbit passing through superior orbital fissure
GSE for most extraocular muscles
GVE (parasympathetic) for pupillary constrictor muscles and ciliary muscles for accommodation
CN IV - Trochlear
Enters orbit through superior orbital fissure
GSE to superior oblique muscle of eye
CN VI - Abducent
Motor
Passes through dura covering clivus, cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure
GSE to lateral rectus muscles
CN V - Trigeminal
Mixed
3 divisions @ trigeminal ganglia
Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular
- Standing Room Only
- Superior Fissure, Rotundum, Ovale
CN V1 - Ophthalmic
Sensory
Passes through superior orbital fissure
GSA from orbital contents, parts of face, nasal cavity, sinuses and dura
CN V2 - Maxillary
Sensory
Passes through foramen rotundum
GSA from parts of face including nasal cavities, palate, maxillary teeth, maxillary sinus, dura
CN V3 - Mandibular
Mixed sensory and motor
Passes through foramen oval
GSA to parts of face, TMJ, mandibular teeth, tongue, mouth and dura
SVE to muscles of mastication and other muscles from 1st pharyngeal arch
CN VII - Facial
Mixed - motor and sensory
Leave cranial cavity through internal acoustic meatus, exits skull via Stylomastoid Foramen
SVE - facial expression
SA - taste from anterior 2/3 tongue
GSA - small part of ear
GVE (parasympathetic) - lacrimal gland, salivary glands
Upper half of face controlled bilaterally
Lower half of face is controlled contralaterally
CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear
Sensory
Passes through internal acoustic meatus
SA in vestibular for balance and cochlear for hearing
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
Mixed - motor and sensory
Passes through Jugular Foramen
SVE to stylopharyngeous muscle GVE (parasympathetic) to parotid gland SA to taste posterior 1/3 tongue GSA from oral cavity and middle ear GVA from carotid body and sinus
CN X - Vagus
Mixed - sensory and motor
Passes through Jugular Foramen
CN XI - Accessory
Motor
Spinal roots of nerve pass into cranium through foramen magnum and leave via jugular foramen
GSE - to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid msucles
SVE - to same as SVE for CN X
CN XII - Hypoglossal
Motor
Exits through hypoglossal canal
GSE to tongue muscles
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Branches of the Facial Nerve:
Temporal - orbicularis oculi Zygomatic - levator labii superioris Buccal - buccinator Mandibular - orbicularis oris Cervial - platysma
