2017 Anatomy - Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas

Question 1

What are the 6 functions of the liver?

Answer 1

Bile production

Synthesis of plasma proteins

Lipid metabolism

Glucose metabolism

Storage and conversion of vitamins and iron

Dexotification

Question 2

Understand the structure of the liver including:

Hepatic sinusoids

Portal triads

Parenchyma

Answer 2

Question 3

Which direction is blood flow in the liver?

Which direction is bile flow in the liver?

Answer 3

Blood Flow: Periphery -> Central

Bile Flow: Central -> Periphery

Question 4

What are the 3 components of the portal tirad?

Answer 4

Interlobular branch of portal vein

Interlobular branch of hepatic artery

Interlobular bile duct

Question 5

What are the 2 types of cells in the liver?

Answer 5

Kupffer cell

Ito cell (fat storing cell)

Question 6

What are the vessels which move bile from smallest to largest?

Answer 6

Bile Canaliculus

Bile Ductules (Canals of Hering) - lined w/ low cuboidal ductal cells

Interlobular Bile Ducts - simple cuboidal epithelium

Common Hepatic Duct

Question 7

What structures make up the “H” on the visceral surface of the liver?

Answer 7

Question 8

What ar ethe 4 lobes of the liver?

Answer 8

Right lobe

Left lobe

Quadrate lobe - anteior to porta hepatis

Caudate lobe - posterior to porta hepatis

Question 9

What 3 vessels make up the Portal Vein?

Answer 9

Splenic Vein

Superior Mesenteric Vein

Inferior Mesenteric Vein

Question 10

What veins contribute to the splenic vein?

Answer 10

Short Gastric

Left Gastro-omental

Pancratic Veins

Inferior Mesenteric

Question 11

Which veins contribute to the Superior Mesenteric Vein?

Answer 11

Veins from:

Jejunal

Ileal

Ileocolic

Right COlic

Middle Colic

Right Gastro-omental

Anterior/Posterior Inferior Pancreatico-duodenal Veins

Question 12

Which veins are tributaries to the portal vein itself?

Answer 12

Right and Left Gastric Veins

Posterior Superior Pancreatico-duodenal Vein

Cystic Veins

Paraumbilical Veins

Question 13

Which lymph nodes does the liver drain to?

Answer 13

Phrenic Nodes

Heptatic Nodes

Question 14

What are the 3 locations of porto-systemic anastomoses

Answer 14

Esophagus

Rectum

Paraumbilical

Question 15

What 3 structures make up the Cystohepatic Triangle? And what are the contents?

Answer 15

Borders:

Cystic Duct, Common Hepatic Duct, Liver

Contents:

Right hepatic artery, cystic artery, maybe aberrant or accessory bile ducts

Question 16

What are the 4 parts of the pancreas and vascular supply?

Answer 16

Question 17

Understand which parts of the following are at the transpyloric plane:

Spinal cord

Stomach

Duodenum

Pancreas

Circulation

Kidneys

Answer 17