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OSU COD 2022- D1 Fall 2018 > Anatomical Terminology > Flashcards

Anatomical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Anatomical Position

A

Person stands erect, feet together and facing forward, arms at sides, palms facing out, fingers facing down, head facing forward.

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2
Q

2 words that describe the FRONT of the body

A

Anterior or Ventral

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3
Q

2 words that describe the BACK of the body

A

Posterior or Dorsal

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4
Q

Sagittal Plane or Median Sagittal Plane

A

Creates left and right sides of the body

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5
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Creates front (anterior/ventral) and back (posterior/dorsal) sides of the body

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6
Q

Transverse Plane

A

A horizontal plane which creates top (superior) and bottom (inferior) regions of the body

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7
Q

Superior

A

references vertical position (higher than)

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8
Q

Inferior

A

references vertical position (lower than)

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9
Q

Medial

A

toward the midline of the midsagittal plane

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10
Q

Lateral

A

away from the midline of the midsagittal plane

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11
Q

Proximal

A

closer to the structure’s origin

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12
Q

Distal

A

farther away from the structure’s origin

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13
Q

Cranial

A

towards the head

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14
Q

Caudal

A

towards the tail

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15
Q

Superficial

A

towards the surface (used in reference to another structure)

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16
Q

Deep

A

away from the surface (used in reference to another structure

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17
Q

Rostral

A

toward the nose

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18
Q

Axial Skeleton consists of:

A

Skull, vertebrae, and ribs

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19
Q

Appendicular Skeleton consists of:

A

Pectoral girdle (clavicle and scapula), pelvic girdle (coxal bone), and the limbs

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20
Q

Parasagittal

A

Creates uneven left and right sides of the body

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21
Q

Flexion

A

bending a part of the body in such a way as to decrease the angle between the body parts

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22
Q

Example of Flexion

A

bending at the elbow so that the hand moves toward the shoulder

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23
Q

Extension

A

straightening a part of the body in such a way as to increase the angle between the body parts

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24
Q

Example of Extension

A

straightening at the elbow so that the hand moves away from the shoulder

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25
Q

Abduction

A

moving away from the median sagittal plane

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26
Q

Example of Abduction

A

bending at the shoulder so that the hand moves away from the body laterally (raising arms/hands laterally)

27
Q

Adduction

A

moving toward the median sagittal plane

28
Q

Example of Adduction

A

bending at the shoulder so that the hand moves toward the body laterally (lowering arms/hands laterally)

29
Q

Pronation

A

medial rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm goes from facing anteriorly to posteriorly

30
Q

Supination

A

lateral rotation of the forarm and hand so that the palm goes from facing posteriorly to anteriorly

31
Q

Elevation

A

raise body part superiorly

32
Q

Example of Elevation

A

shrugging shoulders upward (superiorly) toward head

33
Q

Depression

A

lower body part inferiorly

34
Q

Example of Depression

A

lowering shoulders downward (inferiorly) toward trunk

35
Q

Rotation (and name 2 types)

A

moving a part of the body around its long axis (medial/internal) or (lateral)

36
Q

Medial Rotation

A

moving a body part around its long axis toward the midline or median sagittal plane

37
Q

Example of Medial Rotation

A

When standing in anatomical position, the leg rotates so that the toes go from facing forward to facing toward the midline

38
Q

Lateral Rotation

A

moving a body part around its long axis away from the midline or median sagittal plane

39
Q

Example of Lateral Rotation

A

When standing in anatomical position, the leg rotates so that the toes go from facing forward to facing away from the midline

40
Q

Circumduction

A

circular movement of the limbs or a portion of them, moving a limb in such a way that it creates a cone in space (the distal end creates a circle and the proximal end is the attachment and remains stationary

41
Q

Example of circumduction

A

Arms circles. Shoulders (proximal end) remain stationary while hands (distal end) create a circle.

42
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Elevation of the of the dorsum of the foot at the ankle. Superior surface of the foot moves toward the shin.

43
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Depression of the sole of the foot at the ankle. Depresses foot pointing toes.

44
Q

Eversion

A

Turning the sole of the foot laterally (outward)

45
Q

Inversion

A

Turning the sole of the foot medially (inward)

46
Q

Protrusion/Protraction

A

Move the jaw anteriorly

47
Q

Retrusion/Retraction

A

Move the jaw posteriorly

48
Q

Opposition

A

Thumb and fingers come together to hold an object. Allows for grasping and manipulating objects.

49
Q

Gliding

A

Translational movement. 2 flat surfaces glide or slip over each other

50
Q

Prone

A

lying face down

51
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up

52
Q

Langer’s Lines

A

Collagen tension lines within the dermis. Fiber orientation lines.

53
Q

Upper Limb consists of:

A

Arm and forearm. Arm is superior to forearm. Forearm is inferior or distal to the arm.

54
Q

Arm consists of:

A

Region between the shoulder and elbow

55
Q

Forearm consists of:

A

Region between the elbow and wrist

56
Q

Lower Limb consists of:

A

Thigh and leg. Thigh is superior to leg. Leg is inferior or distal to the thigh.

57
Q

Thigh consists of:

A

Region between hip and knee

58
Q

Leg consists of:

A

Region between knee and ankle

59
Q

5 Body Regions

A

1.) Cranial 2.) Vertebral 3.) Thoracic 4.) Abdominal 5.) Pelvic

60
Q

Cranial Region contains:

A

brain

61
Q

Vertebral Region contains:

A

spinal cord

62
Q

Thoracic Region contains:

A

heart and lungs

63
Q

Abdominal Region contains:

A

intestines, glands

64
Q

Pelvic Region contains:

A

reproductive organs, urinary organs

OSU COD 2022- D1 Fall 2018 (15 decks)

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