Anatomical Terminology

Question 1

Describe Anatomical Position

Answer 1

Person stands erect, feet together and facing forward, arms at sides, palms facing out, fingers facing down, head facing forward.

Question 2

2 words that describe the FRONT of the body

Answer 2

Anterior or Ventral

Question 3

2 words that describe the BACK of the body

Answer 3

Posterior or Dorsal

Question 4

Sagittal Plane or Median Sagittal Plane

Answer 4

Creates left and right sides of the body

Question 5

Coronal Plane

Answer 5

Creates front (anterior/ventral) and back (posterior/dorsal) sides of the body

Question 6

Transverse Plane

Answer 6

A horizontal plane which creates top (superior) and bottom (inferior) regions of the body

Question 7

Superior

Answer 7

references vertical position (higher than)

Question 8

Inferior

Answer 8

references vertical position (lower than)

Question 9

Medial

Answer 9

toward the midline of the midsagittal plane

Question 10

Lateral

Answer 10

away from the midline of the midsagittal plane

Question 11

Proximal

Answer 11

closer to the structure’s origin

Question 12

Distal

Answer 12

farther away from the structure’s origin

Question 13

Cranial

Answer 13

towards the head

Question 14

Caudal

Answer 14

towards the tail

Question 15

Superficial

Answer 15

towards the surface (used in reference to another structure)

Question 16

Deep

Answer 16

away from the surface (used in reference to another structure

Question 17

Rostral

Answer 17

toward the nose

Question 18

Axial Skeleton consists of:

Answer 18

Skull, vertebrae, and ribs

Question 19

Appendicular Skeleton consists of:

Answer 19

Pectoral girdle (clavicle and scapula), pelvic girdle (coxal bone), and the limbs

Question 20

Parasagittal

Answer 20

Creates uneven left and right sides of the body

Question 21

Flexion

Answer 21

bending a part of the body in such a way as to decrease the angle between the body parts

Question 22

Example of Flexion

Answer 22

bending at the elbow so that the hand moves toward the shoulder

Question 23

Extension

Answer 23

straightening a part of the body in such a way as to increase the angle between the body parts

Question 24

Example of Extension

Answer 24

straightening at the elbow so that the hand moves away from the shoulder

Question 25

Abduction

Answer 25

moving away from the median sagittal plane

Question 26

Example of Abduction

Answer 26

bending at the shoulder so that the hand moves away from the body laterally (raising arms/hands laterally)

Question 27

Adduction

Answer 27

moving toward the median sagittal plane

Question 28

Example of Adduction

Answer 28

bending at the shoulder so that the hand moves toward the body laterally (lowering arms/hands laterally)

Question 29

Pronation

Answer 29

medial rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm goes from facing anteriorly to posteriorly

Question 30

Supination

Answer 30

lateral rotation of the forarm and hand so that the palm goes from facing posteriorly to anteriorly

Question 31

Elevation

Answer 31

raise body part superiorly

Question 32

Example of Elevation

Answer 32

shrugging shoulders upward (superiorly) toward head

Question 33

Depression

Answer 33

lower body part inferiorly

Question 34

Example of Depression

Answer 34

lowering shoulders downward (inferiorly) toward trunk

Question 35

Rotation (and name 2 types)

Answer 35

moving a part of the body around its long axis (medial/internal) or (lateral)

Question 36

Medial Rotation

Answer 36

moving a body part around its long axis toward the midline or median sagittal plane

Question 37

Example of Medial Rotation

Answer 37

When standing in anatomical position, the leg rotates so that the toes go from facing forward to facing toward the midline

Question 38

Lateral Rotation

Answer 38

moving a body part around its long axis away from the midline or median sagittal plane

Question 39

Example of Lateral Rotation

Answer 39

When standing in anatomical position, the leg rotates so that the toes go from facing forward to facing away from the midline

Question 40

Circumduction

Answer 40

circular movement of the limbs or a portion of them, moving a limb in such a way that it creates a cone in space (the distal end creates a circle and the proximal end is the attachment and remains stationary

Question 41

Example of circumduction

Answer 41

Arms circles. Shoulders (proximal end) remain stationary while hands (distal end) create a circle.

Question 42

Dorsiflexion

Answer 42

Elevation of the of the dorsum of the foot at the ankle. Superior surface of the foot moves toward the shin.

Question 43

Plantarflexion

Answer 43

Depression of the sole of the foot at the ankle. Depresses foot pointing toes.

Question 44

Eversion

Answer 44

Turning the sole of the foot laterally (outward)

Question 45

Inversion

Answer 45

Turning the sole of the foot medially (inward)

Question 46

Protrusion/Protraction

Answer 46

Move the jaw anteriorly

Question 47

Retrusion/Retraction

Answer 47

Move the jaw posteriorly

Question 48

Opposition

Answer 48

Thumb and fingers come together to hold an object. Allows for grasping and manipulating objects.

Question 49

Gliding

Answer 49

Translational movement. 2 flat surfaces glide or slip over each other

Question 50

Prone

Answer 50

lying face down

Question 51

Supine

Answer 51

Lying face up

Question 52

Langer's Lines

Answer 52

Collagen tension lines within the dermis. Fiber orientation lines.

Question 53

Upper Limb consists of:

Answer 53

Arm and forearm. Arm is superior to forearm. Forearm is inferior or distal to the arm.

Question 54

Arm consists of:

Answer 54

Region between the shoulder and elbow

Question 55

Forearm consists of:

Answer 55

Region between the elbow and wrist

Question 56

Lower Limb consists of:

Answer 56

Thigh and leg. Thigh is superior to leg. Leg is inferior or distal to the thigh.

Question 57

Thigh consists of:

Answer 57

Region between hip and knee

Question 58

Leg consists of:

Answer 58

Region between knee and ankle

Question 59

5 Body Regions

Answer 59

1.) Cranial 2.) Vertebral 3.) Thoracic 4.) Abdominal 5.) Pelvic

Question 60

Cranial Region contains:

Answer 60

brain

Question 61

Vertebral Region contains:

Answer 61

spinal cord

Question 62

Thoracic Region contains:

Answer 62

heart and lungs

Question 63

Abdominal Region contains:

Answer 63

intestines, glands

Question 64

Pelvic Region contains:

Answer 64

reproductive organs, urinary organs