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Anatomy > Anatomical Terminology > Flashcards

Anatomical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A 
Standing upright
Facing forward
Hands by hips
Feet parallel and facing forward
Hands straight by your side
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2
Q

What are the 4 anatomical planes?

A

Sagittal
Transverse
Frontal/Coronal
Oblique

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3
Q

What is sagittal?

A

Vertical line - creates a left and right

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4
Q

What are the 2 types of sagittal planes?

A

Median sagittal plane = vertical line perfectly in the middle

Parasagittal plane = vertical line is not perfectly down the middle

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5
Q

What is the transverse plane?

A

Horizontal line - creates top (superior) and bottom (inferior)

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6
Q

What is the frontal/coronal plane?

A

Vertical line - creates front (anterior) and back (posterior)

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7
Q

What is the oblique plane?

A

Any section that randomly divides the body - any angle that isn’t horizontal or vertical

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8
Q

What is inferior (caudal)?

A

Away from the head / towards the soles of the feet

e.g. knee is inferior to the stomach

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9
Q

What is superior (cranial)?

A

Towards the head / higher or above the structure

e.g. eye is superior to nose

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10
Q

What is posterior/dorsal?

A

Towards the back of the body

e.g. spine is posterior to abs

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11
Q

What is anterior/ventral?

A

Towards the front of the body

e.g. abs are anterior to the spine

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12
Q

What is proximal?*

A

The nearest point of attachment to a limb or structure.

Towards the trunk (center of body = torso).

e. g. the elbow is proximal to the hand
e. g.2 the wrist is proximal to the fingers

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13
Q

What is distal?

A

The furthest away from the attachment or the trunk.

Away from the trunk

e.g. Hand is distal to the elbow

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14
Q

What is superficial/external?

A

Towards the skin surface/outside body.

e.g. skin is superficial to liver

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15
Q

What is deep/internal?

A

Towards the interior of the body

e.g. the liver is deep to the ribcage

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16
Q

What is lateral?

A

Away from the midline/middle of the body (vertical)

e.g. the ear is lateral to the nose

17
Q

What is medial?

A

Towards the (vertical) midline of the body

e.g. ribcage is medial to the elbow

18
Q

What is flexion?

A

Movement that decreases angle of a joint with respect to the anatomical position.

e.g. flexion = bending knee backwards

19
Q

What is extension?

A

Movement that increases the angle of a joint with respect to the anatomical position

e.g. straightening the leg (unbending the knee)

20
Q

What is abduction?

A

Movement away from the mid-line

e.g. moving arm up

21
Q

What is adduction?

A

Movement towards the midline

e.g. moving arm back down

22
Q

What is medial/internal rotation?

A

Rotation towards the midline

e.g. bringing your leg inwards

23
Q

What is lateral/external?

A

Rotating movement away from the mid line

e.g. bringing your legs outwards

24
Q

What is supination?

A

Turning palm up (hand is in supination when in anatomical position)

25
Q

What is pronation?

A

Turning palm down (palm facing the floor)

26
Q

What is mid-pronation (use key example)?

A

Putting key in = pronation (palm facing floor)

Turning key = mid-pronation (palm facing wall)

Turned key completely = supination (palm facing up)

27
Q

What is dorsiflexion?

A

Decreasing the angle of the foot in regards to the anatomical position

e.g. moving foot up towards the sky

28
Q

What is plantarflexion?

A

Increasing the angle of the foot in regards to the anatomical position

e.g. moving foot towards the floor (toes touching floor)

29
Q

What is inversion?

A

Movement of the sole of foot towards midline

e.g. twisting ankle inwards

30
Q

What is eversion?

A

Movement of the sole of the foot away from the midline

e.g. twisting ankle outwards

31
Q

What is circumduction?

A

Conical movement of a limb extending from the joint at which movement is controlled.

32
Q

What is opposition?

A

Movement that brings fingers to thumb

e.g. pinky to thumb

33
Q

What is reposition?

A

Movement that moves thumb away from finger

34
Q

What is protraction?

A

movement of a body part in the anterior direction = being drawn forwards

e.g. leaning forwards

35
Q

What is retraction?

A

Movement of a body part posteriorly

e.g. leaning backwards

36
Q

What is elevation?

A

Movement in the superior direction / going up

e.g. moving jaw up to the sky

37
Q

What is depression?

A

Movement in the inferior direction

e.g. moving jaw towards chest

38
Q

What is ipsilateral?

A

On the same side of the body (in regards to the midline so L&R)

39
Q

What is contralateral?

A

On opposite sides (in regards to the midline so L&R)

Anatomy (12 decks)

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