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KIN 311 > anaerobic power and capacity > Flashcards

anaerobic power and capacity Flashcards

1
Q

anerobic threshold

A
  • overlap between energy systems
  • occurs before VO2 max
  • although there is a shift toward anerobic metabolism, aerobic metabolism continues to increase
  • identifies work intensities above the anaerobic metabolism
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2
Q

lactate threshold determination (graphs)

A
  • single lactate threshold ( greater than 1.0mM of blood lactate)
  • regression analysis (intersection of two lines from above and below inflection
  • d-max method (largest deviation between the La vs W curve and the line connected the end points
    -OBLA of 4mM
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3
Q

lactate vs. ventilatory threshold

A
  • anaerobic metabolism increases CO2 production
  • isocapnic buffering = compensation for rising CO2 (decreasing PH)
  • increasing ventilation eliminates CO2 and helps buffer the drop in PH
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4
Q

ventilatory threshold determination

A
  • v-slope method
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5
Q

alactic system power and capacity

A
  • 0.1 to 1-3s of power, peak is 5
  • capacity is 8-12 seconds, peak is 15
  • explosive intensity for power
  • all- out intensity for capacity
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6
Q

alactic system definition

A
  • muscles have a very small storage of ATP
  • PCr system can rapidly supply ATP to working muscles
  • no lactate or PH changes
  • depletion of PCr sets the limit on the system
  • drop in output as a result
  • Cr and ADP signal shift in primary energy source
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7
Q

lactic system power and capacity

A
  • 15 - 30 s of power
  • 45 - 90 s of capacity, peak is 120s
  • all-out intensity for power intensity
  • all out intensity for capacity
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8
Q

lactic system definition

A
  • produces slightly more ATP, but at a lesser rate than the alactic system
  • fast and slow pathways
  • lactate is made to assist in ATP production
  • ph change sets the limit to this system (influenced by buffering capacity, how much we can clear lactate)
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9
Q

why assess the anaerobic system

A
  • requires quick burst of energy
  • ATP synthesis to initiate
  • relevant to occupations, sports, and active daily living tasks
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10
Q

anaerobic testing considerations

A
  • duration
  • intensity
  • resistance (application of test)
  • ergometry
  • this is how you isolate the system the best
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11
Q

duration

A
  • must encompass the time so that peak power or total capacity can be reached or occurs
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12
Q

intensity

A
  • explosive vs maximal vs supramaximal
  • all out from outset or a pre set near/supramaximal intensity setting
  • set work rate, a hard start will stay hard
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13
Q

resistance

A
  • relative (%body mass)
  • absolute (kps % grade, speed)
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14
Q

ergometry

A
  • primary choice, ability to accurately calculate power output, specificity
  • can control intensity
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15
Q

considerations: tester control

A
  • rested state of the individual- ATP-CP stores, glycogen, absence of DOMS as soreness influences the test
  • motivation
  • ergometry/mode of exercise
  • protocol; resistance setting, speed/grade
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16
Q

considerations: biological factors

A
  • tolerance to pain and buffering capacity
  • difference in bicarbonate influences how long we can exercise for
  • muscle fiber tyle
  • metabolism size
  • recruitment
  • fitness level
  • age and gender
17
Q

margaria-kalamen test

A
  • atactic power test ( ATP-PCr)
  • running start of 20ft (6m)
  • climb the steps 3 at a time
  • 1.05 vertical
  • power is calculated from kg, height traveled, and time to travel
  • need to be very accurate with timing
  • need standard/accurate measure of stair height (17.5cm)
18
Q

wingate anaerobic ergometry test

A
  • alactic power (ATP - PCr)
  • “all out” pedaling test on a monark cycle ergometer
  • need to predict grade and amount of resistance
  • optimal (high) resistance settings adapted for various populations
  • trained 0.095, active 0.085, sedentary 0,075 kg/kg BM
  • peak power output is calculated during the first 5 seconds of the test
19
Q

quebec 10 sec test

A
  • cycle ergometry
  • 2 trials of 10s at resistance of 0.090, use highest total output
  • 10s is the range of capacity for ATP-pCr
  • trained 0.095, active 0.085, sedentary 0,075 kg/kg BM
20
Q

anerobic glycolysis power

A
  • peak glycolytic power output occurs between alactic and aerobic power
  • tricky to get the peak
  • have to take an average
21
Q

Wingate for glycolytic system

A
  • total output in 30s or 90s in a modified test
  • can find the average over time
  • 90s tests actually finds close to actual failure of the system and is more valid for capacity
22
Q

Cunningham-faulkner test

A
  • on a treadmill
  • 8mph for men, 7- 7.5 for women
  • 20% grade
  • timed test, starts when the subject begins to run and stops when they touch the handrails
  • time can be converted to total power output
23
Q

boscoe 60s vertical jump test

A
  • repetitive jumping using force mat to measure power based on total flight time (total height)
  • power calculated from W/kg = ft x 60 x 9.81 / 4n (60-ft)
  • can be modified to a 15s test
24
Q

modification for upper body power and capacity

A
  • cycle ergometer protocols like the wingate can be modified , same protocol as the 30s test , active males = 0.060, active females = 0.050
  • specific to the body part, many have different anaerobic capacities depending on the body part used
  • rowing as well
  • optimal resistance varied depending on gender and if heavy or light weight rower
  • different weights for male + female and lactic and alactic system
25
Q

wingate measures with high utility and robust outcomes

A
  • alactic power is the peak of the test
  • alactic capacity
  • glycoytic power is the total power output
  • glycolytic capacity (modification)
  • may also be used for fatigueability
26
Q

fatigue indexes

A
  • usually calculated as a % drop in Power output
  • how long you can achieve power throughout the test / period of time
  • indicates loss of muscular performance due to various fatigue factors
    – depletion of ATP-PCr (depends on how much you have and how long your body can go)
    – accumulation of H+/Ca++ (buffering capacity)
    –tolerance to pain
    – central command (brain monitors so it will not let your body do things that hurt you)
27
Q

fatigue index of wingate test

A
  • FI = {[peak po - low Po) / peak Po} x 100
  • same type of calculation can be applied to other related tests
28
Q

work relief ratios

A
  • ATP-PCr, work; 5-10s, rest; 15-50s, w:r; 1:3-5
  • glycolytic, 30-130s, 60-360s, 1:2-3
  • aerobic, 3-8min, 1.5-4 min, 1: 0.3 -1
29
Q

anaerobic field testing

A
  • often sport specific
  • involve repetitive all out sprint tasks with a timed component
  • time is usually an output
30
Q

anaerobic capacity ice skating test

A
  • sprint a 12 x a distance of 60 ft
  • time is recorded in s
  • reliability of 0.96s
  • very valid as well
31
Q

FIFA interval sprint test

A
  • 6 x 40 m sprint (<1.30 rest in between)
  • all intervals <6.2s for international refs
  • usually for linesmen and refs
  • repetitive all out efforts
32
Q

running based anaerobic sprint tests

A
  • 6 x 35 m sprints on track
  • 10 sec rest between to allow turn around
  • record time to complete all 6 sprints
  • power = weight x distance2 / time 3
  • from the 6 times you can calculate the power for each run and then determine the max, min, and FI
  • looking at the drop over time
33
Q

factors affecting running tests

A
  • timing systems vs stop watch
  • start stance
  • surface
  • shoes (cleats/spikes)
  • environmental conditions
  • corrdination
34
Q

post test consideration

A
  • cool-down should be for a min of 5 min of active recovery
  • if feeling faint, lay down with feet up
  • should assign a buddy to supervise the cool-down
  • fruit juice
  • there is a high vasodilation in muscles which can make you feel faint

KIN 311 (22 decks)

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