aerobic assessment Flashcards
1
Q
assessing energy systems
A
- high power/short capacity: anerobic alactic + lactic
- lower power/low capacity : aerobic
- the power and capacity of energy supply is dependent on the intensity and duration of the exercise bout
- we can only assess which energy system predominates
2
Q
power vs. capacity
A
- power is the maximum rate at which energy can be utilized
- capacity is the total number of work that can be performed
3
Q
interpreting aerobic system function (vo2)
A
- it is important for performance (aerobic sports) and health
- VO2 is a strong predictor of morbidity + mortality
- comes from how much work an individual can do in daily life
- high aerobic capacity is important for ADLs
- there is a difference in O2 in relation to exercising at different altitudes
- harder to exercise at high altitudes
4
Q
first laboratory exercise test
A
- measured increased consumption of “vital air” during sustained exercise
- continuation of work = more vital air
5
Q
how vo2 max was born
A
- demonstrated that oxygen uptake increased linearly with running speed but eventually reaches a maximum beyond which no effort can drive it
6
Q
why is the aerobic system important
A
- important for performance for aerobic sports and health
- can somewhat predict success in endurance activities
- can sometimes indicate the ability to recover from task
- has been linked to increased risk for a variety of diseases
7
Q
assessing aerobic power
A
- gold standard is considered to be the maximal oxygen consumption test or VO2 max test
- single best measure of overall aerobic fitness
- defined as the maximum rate at which O2 can be inspired, transported and utilized to perform muscular work
- defined by the Fick equation
8
Q
Fick equation
A
- difference between arterial + venous blood in circulation X Cardiac output
- best way to calculate VO2
9
Q
absolute vo2
A
- total volume of O2 taken up by the body in L/min
10
Q
relative Vo2
A
- volume of O2 taken up by the body per unit of body weight (ml/kg/min)
- try to use lean body mass in this equation as it is more accurate
11
Q
metabolic cart
A
- a metabolic measurement system
- is the “gold standard”
- measures how much O2 goes in and out of the system (inspired vs expired)
- volume of breath
12
Q
treadmill Vo2 measurement
A
- calibrated modality
- uses more muscle mass than the other modalities = higher volume
- considered the “gold standard” machine for elicitin vo2 max
- elicits Vo2 max 5-11% higher than cycling
13
Q
fatigometer
A
- Harvard lab experiment
- tested how work activities affected individuals
- engaged both upper and lower limbs
14
Q
similarities between the 9 treadmill protocols
A
- incremental increases in workload
- workload increased by grade (inclination)
- stages at 2 minutes usually indicate steady state
- total time is usually 12 minutes
- all test aerobic power
- protocols that increase speed only are NOT recommended
15
Q
speed only vs grade only vo2 max
A
- speed mean vo2 max = 46.2 ml/kg/min
- grade mean vo2 max = 62.6 ml/kg/min
- gives a higher outcome so many tests use grade (25%)
16
Q
modifications for Vo2 max tests
A
- slower initial speed for inexperienced
- can start with walk and increase speed first and then % grade after
- many different starting protocols are available
17
Q
end of test criteria for VO2 max tests
A
- peak and plateau less than 150ml/min in O2 consumption with an increase in work rate
- a respiratory exchange ratio greater than 1.15 (anerobic metabolism)
- achievement of predicted maximum HR (HR max)
- venous lactate concentration greater than 8mM
- RPE greater than 17 (6-20 original) or to 10
- giving up by choice / exhaustion
18
Q
contraindications of a VO2 max test
A
- drop in systolic BP of 10mmHg with increase in workload or dizziness , near fainting
- hypertensive response (blood pressure >250/115mmHg) (usually in high risk patients)
- chest pain or angina
- signs of poor perfusion (blueness in lips and whiteness in the face
- abnormal ECG recording
- cramping, extreme fatigue
