Anabolic Steroid Use/Abuse Flashcards
What does Anabolic mean?
Growth Promoting
What are the desired effects of Anabolic Steroids?
1.) Increase muscles and strength
2.) Very high performance in professional athletes
What are the side effects of steroids?
Too much circulating hormones can reduce the release of natural hormones (negative feedback reduce gonadotropin)
What are the symptoms for men?
Breast enlargement, testes atrophy, sterile, impotence
What are the symptoms of women?
Breast Shrinkage, growing of the clitoris, deep voice, sterile, losss of menstartion and body hair
What are some additional health related side effects?
1.) Cardiovascular Problems
2.) Blood in Urine
3.) Liver Toxicity
4.) Acne
5.) Depression and Anger
What was the Large Scale Trials of the Women’s Health Initiative?
3 Randomized Control Trials and 1 Observational
What was the Women’s Health Initiative mainly focused on?
The potential for HRT to reduce the risk of CVD
What did the Women’s Health Initiative have high Rates of?
Attrition (loss of participants in their study) due to questions regarding increased risk of cancer
What were some of the main critiques?
1.) They did not look at HRT for cognitive/mood symptoms of menopasue
2.) Type of Estrogen - they used estrone - when the most common type of estrogen in the body is 17B estradiol
3.) Timing of HRT - most patients were post menopause (60) and they are completely out of hormones with no receptors left
What are some of the Behavioural/Cognitive Effects of Hormonal Contraception?
1.) Improvement in Memory
2.) Can negatively affect Mood
3.) Alleivates storms of PMDD
4.) Sexual Dysfunction (higher doses of estrogen)
5.) Disurption of normal gonaldal hormone regulation of the stress response (HPA axis)
What is a Hystero-Oophorectomy?
Removal of the Uterus and the ovaries
What is an Orchidectomy?
Removal of the testes
What is the main focus of these surgeries?
Preserve sexual, bone, cardiovascular, and metabolism after loss of circulating hormones
What would someone with an Orchidectomy have?
Similar Symptoms to Menopause
What can preserve body composition post orchidectomy?
T replacement
